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Attribution Processes

Need help preparing for the Psych/Soc section of the MCAT? MedSchoolCoach expert, Ken Tao, will teach everything you need to know about attribution processes for attributing behavior to persons or situations. Watch this video to get all the MCAT study tips you need to do well on the psychology section of the exam! Attribution is the process by which individuals explain the causes of peoples’ behavior. We generally attribute the cause of another person’s behavior to either internal factors or external factors. An internal factor is a characteristic of an individual. For example, we might say that our classmate did well on a test because they are smart. External factors are reasons for behavior that are outside the control of an individual. For example, we might say that we did poorly on a test because we were sick. Our process for attributing factors to behavior is colored by bias, especially the self-serving bias and fundamental attribution error. Self-serving Bias Self-serving bias occurs when an individual alters the perception of causality to preserve self-esteem. In other words, when something happens to you, you’re going to explain it in a way that boosts your self-esteem. You’ll take credit for something good that happens, and you’ll pass the blame off on someone else for something bad that happens. Relating this to attribution, when something good happens to you, you’ll probably use internal factors to attribute the success to your own good characteristics. When something bad happens to you, you’ll probably say that it was due to external factors beyond your control, and so whatever bad thing happened wasn’t your fault. For example, consider a teacher who administers an exam to their students. If the class does really well on the exam, the teacher will believe that it was due to their high-quality teaching. If the students do poorly on the exam, the teacher might exclaim that the students were too lazy to study the material properly. Fundamental Attribution Error Next, the fundamental attribution error occurs when we are not sympathetic to someone else’s situation. Essentially, it occurs when we attribute another person’s negative behavior to internal vices rather than uncontrollable external factors. For example, if someone is late to a work meeting, we might jump to assume that it’s because they’re an inconsiderate person. However, we don’t have the full context of the situation, so we have no idea if there are external situational factors at play causing them to be late. In order to avoid this time of bias, we can hold off on passing judgment on an individual until we are presented with enough information to make a valid determination. MEDSCHOOLCOACH To watch more MCAT video tutorials like this and have access to study scheduling, progress tracking, flashcard and question bank, download MCAT Prep by MedSchoolCoach IOS Link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... Apple Link: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/mcat-pr... #medschoolcoach #MCATprep #MCATstudytools