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subscapularis

A large triangular muscle which fills the subscapular fossa and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the front of the capsule of the glenohumeral joint. It is one of the rotator cuff (4 muscles), that lies at the anterior surface of the scapula. (Rotator cuff: Involved in shoulder movement and help maintain glenohumeral joint stability.) • subscapularis: The largest, strongest. The only medial (internal) rotator. • supraspinatus • infraspinatus • teres minor (Functions) • internal (medial) rotation • adduction of the arm (humerus) • stabilizes the shoulder joint (when the deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps, and triceps brachii are active) • promotes coordination between movements of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints (Blood supply and drainage) • supply: subscapular artery • drainage: subscapular vein (Lymph drainage) • flows into the axillary nodes (Innervation) • subscapular nerve