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DECANNULATION

Decannulation is the process of safely removing a tracheostomy tube once it’s no longer medically necessary, and the patient can breathe, cough, and swallow effectively on their own. Indications for Decannulation: • Resolution of the underlying condition (e.g., airway obstruction, prolonged ventilation) • Patient is alert, can protect airway, and has a strong cough reflex • Good oxygenation without the tube • Minimal or no secretions • Patent upper airway, confirmed via endoscopic airway evaluation Decannulation Steps: 1. Cuff deflation trials (if cuffed tube used) 2. Capping trials (24–48 hrs with tube capped) 3. If tolerated, downsizing to a smaller tracheostomy tube 4. Tube removal under sterile precautions 5. Apply a sterile occlusive dressing over the stoma Post-Decannulation Care: • Monitor for respiratory distress • Watch for airway obstruction • Stoma usually closes spontaneously in 1–2 weeks • Speech and swallowing reassessment as needed Contraindications to Decannulation: • Inadequate respiratory effort • Uncontrolled secretions • Upper airway obstruction (e.g., bilateral vocal cord palsy) ✅ Conclusion: Tracheostomy decannulation is a stepwise, multidisciplinary process that ensures patient safety, airway integrity, and independence from artificial airways. #anatomy #biology #ear #ent #nose #nosebleed #otolaryngology #science #throathealth #tonsils