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Dutch Independence: War Against the Spanish Empire

The struggle for Dutch independence became one of the decisive turning points in European history. In the north, a group of small provinces dared to challenge the Spanish Empire — a global superpower enriched by New World gold, ruling the seas and fielding the strongest infantry of its age. Yet heavy taxation, the Inquisition, and harsh repression against Protestants ignited a conflict that could no longer be contained. This video explores how a region built on trade, seafaring, and thriving medieval cities gradually transformed into a united force capable of resisting the Habsburgs. You’ll see the rise of the Geuzen, the execution of Egmont and Horne, the brutality of the Duke of Alba, the sieges of Haarlem, Leiden and Antwerp, and the strategic brilliance of William and Maurice of Orange. Special attention is given to naval warfare — from privateers to the destruction of Spain’s “second armada.” Out of this long and bitter confrontation emerged a new state that reshaped European politics: the Republic of the Seven United Provinces. The break from Spain became a powerful example of how the desire for freedom can outmatch even the mightiest empires. #history