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What is HbA1c?

Hemoglobin A1C, or HbA1c, is a special protein in a red blood cell that glucose can attach to. Glucose is a simple sugar that raises in the bloodstream after we eat carbohydrate-rich foods. And some of that glucose can attach to the HbA1c protein. The more sugar that's in your bloodstream, the more hemoglobin A1C will have glucose attached to it. And so, unlike plasma where blood sugar can go up and down, the hemoglobin A1C is a more steady marker of how much glucose has been in your bloodstream over the course of three or so months. Hemoglobin A1C is a percentage. So, the number of hemoglobin proteins that have a glucose attached to it is your hemoglobin A1C result. So, if you have 5.5% as your result, then 5.5% of all the hemoglobin proteins have a glucose attached to it.