Indexing predation / scavenging around shellfish reefs using standardised field assays (‘squidpops’) скачать в хорошем качестве

Indexing predation / scavenging around shellfish reefs using standardised field assays (‘squidpops’)

Indexing predation / scavenging around shellfish reefs using standardised field assays (‘squidpops’). This video shows how we use ‘squidpops’ (a type of baited underwater camera system) to measure predation / scavenging rates and to identify consumers in field assays at restored shellfish reefs and control sites. ‘Squidpops’ are now a standard method for indexing relative predation rates of marine mesopredators, and have been used extensively for this purpose in coastal seascapes (Refs 1,2,3) In essence, squidpops are baited under-water remote video stations (BRUVs), but have the major advantage that the same bait (and mostly also the same camera system) is used by scientists globally: this makes data directly comparable between locations and allows us to examine questions at large scales by a network of collaborators. “Squidpops” consist of a single 1 cm^2 piece of dried squid mantle tethered to a 20 cm long bamboo stake using a 10 cm length of fishing line. Camera units comprised a 5 kg weight with a GoPro camera recording in high definition (1080p). The squidpop stake was fastened to the camera unit using a 15mm gauge PVC arm at a distance of 45 cm from the camera, so that the bait was visible at all times. During a recent study in the Noosa River Estuary (Australia) we deployed 384 squidpops at restored shellfish reefs and at matched control sites (Ref 3). All deployments were made on bare substrate (i.e. not in seagrass meadows or mangrove forests). To maximise the probability of good visibility (water clarity), all assays were run within 2 hours either side of high tide (see also Ref 4). Each baited camera recorded for one hour. The results demonstrate that predation is significantly higher at restored reefs and the presence and extent of nearby seagrass and mangroves suppresses consumption rates (i.e. reefs have more predation when located on bare sand; Ref 3). REFERENCES 1 - Duffy JE, Ziegler SL, Campbell JE, Bippus PM, Lefcheck JS (2015) Squidpops: a simple tool to crowdsource a global map of marine predation intensity. PLoS One 10, e0142994. 2 - Rodemann JR, Brandl SJ (2017) Consumption pressure in coastal marine environments decreases with latitude and in artificial vs. natural habitats. Marine Ecology Progress Series 574, 167–179. 3 - Duncan CK, Gilby BL, Olds AD, Connolly RM, Ortodossi NL, Henderson CJ, and Schlacher TA (2019) Landscape context modifies the rate and distribution of predation around habitat restoration sites. Biological Conservation 237:97-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019... 4 – Gilby BL, Olds AD, Connolly RM, Yabsley NA, Maxwell PS, Tibbetts IR, Schoeman DS, Schlacher TA (2017) Umbrellas can work underwater: using threatened species as indicator and management surrogates can improve coastal conservation. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Science. 199: 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.1... REEF RESTORATION KEYWORDS reefs, restoration, oysters, oyster reefs, habitat creation, conservation, fish, diversity, biodiversity, Noosa, Noosa Estuary, Noosa River, Noosa River Estuary, Sunshine Coast, Australia, ecology, distribution, conservation, underwater cameras, BRUV, research, GoPro, biodiversity, threatened species, abundance, recreational fisheries species, food webs, Noosa reef restoration, shellfish reefs, rebuilding, functional extinction, science, monitoring, fish stocks, bream, snapper, mullet, overharvesting, disease, water quality, Queensland, structure, habitat complexity, shelter, spawning, filtering, filtration, returning reefs, rebuilding reefs, putting reefs back, erosion, spawning, recruitment, restoration benefits, native shellfish, restoration, benefits, shore protection, recreational fishing, rebuild shellfish reefs, landscape ecology, multiple benefits, squidpops, scavenging, seagrass, mangroves, bream, yellowfin bream CREDITS Ben Gilby, Cassie Duncan, Thomas Schlacher, Andrew Olds, Christofer Henderson, Charles Peterson, Rod Connolly, Christine Voss, Thomas Brook, Nicholas Ortodossi, Hayden Boland, Ashley Rummell, Tyson Jones, Felicity Hardcastle ….and many more compiled and drafted by: Thomas Schlacher, 19 Dec 2019 contact: coastsandoceans@gmail.com read more on our projects: https://coastsandoceans.com.au