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Adelanto's 10,000 Cages

"Adelanto's 10,000 Cages" is a documentary short film produced by Community Initiatives for Visiting Immigrants in Confinement (CIVIC) and Film Bliss Studios. Learn more at www.endisolation.org/Adelanto. Most private prisons operate in rural towns, such as the City of Adelanto. The history of private prisons began with what was known as convict leasing. At the end of slavery in the United States after the Civil War, large plantations still needed workers. Prisons in the south in particular would lease large numbers of convicts—including African Americans arrested under the Black Codes—to plantation and factory owners, and that forced labor was essentially the beginning of the privatization of the corrections process. California was not immune to the convict leasing craze, and California began leasing its prisoners in April 1851 to James Estell who used the convicts as no-cost forms of labor. State law also provided that an “Indian” convicted of a crime could be indentured to a white man who paid for the resulting fines and costs. The practice of convict leasing was replaced by public works projects after World War I, but the steady acceleration of incarceration rates since the 1970s largely in connection to the War on Drugs led to a return to policies of prison privatization. Corrections Corporation of America was founded in January 1983 and received its first government contract that November from the Department of Justice for an immigration detention facility in Texas. GEO Group, the second largest private prison company in the United States and the world’s leading private corrections provider, was founded in 1984 and received its first government contract in 1987 for the Aurora Processing Center in Colorado, also now an immigration detention facility. Adelanto has quickly become the hub of California’s high desert region’s prison industrial complex, with an immigration detention facility, a county jail, a state prison, and a neighboring federal prison that together hold nearly 10,000 people a day. In the summer of 2014, Community Initiatives for Visiting Immigrants in Confinement (CIVIC) launched the Defund Detention Campaign in Adelanto to prevent the expansion of jails and prison beds in Adelanto. Our film, "Adelanto's 10,000 Cages" tells a story about a struggling town, a community fighting for freedom, and ultimately, how one small town in California became the epicenter of the prison industrial complex. To learn more, visit www.endisolation.org/Adelanto.