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In this video, Dr. Vidushi Sharma Pandey (Director of SuVi Eye Institute) discusses common eye diseases and their treatment. Contact: Dr. Vidushi Sharma & Dr. Suresh K Pandey, MS (Eye), ASF (USA) SuVi Eye Institute & Lasik Laser Center, Kota, Rajasthan, India Ph 9351412449, Email:[email protected] There are four major age-related eye diseases (AREDs) — cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy & macular degeneration that affect people after the age of 50 years. Dr. Vidushi Sharma and Dr Suresh K Pandey, Consultant Eye Surgeon, SuVi Eye Institute, Kota, provides information about these diseases. 1. CATARACT (MOTIYABIND): A cataract is a clouding of the lens within the eye. The lens is composed of water and protein. If the protein clumps together, it starts to cloud over a small area of the lens. This cloudy mass of protein — called a cataract — can grow larger, making it hard to see. If the cataract worsens, surgery may be necessary to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with a new lens. Treatment: The only treatment for a cataract is surgery to remove it. Surgery can now be done at an early stage of cataracts if you have some difficulty to perform normal activities, such as driving, reading, or looking at a computer or video screens, even with glasses. Various types of Intraocular Lenses are available at present. Prevention: The best prevention involves controlling diseases that increase the risk of a cataract, and avoiding exposure to factors known to promote cataract formation. Wearing sunglasses when you are outside during the day can reduce the amount of ultraviolet (UV) light your eyes are exposed to. Some sunglasses do not filter out the harmful UV. Use sunglasses that filter out the most UV. For patients who smoke cigarettes, quitting will decrease the risk of cataracts. 2. GLAUCOMA (KALA PANI) Glaucoma refers to a group of eye conditions that lead to damage to the optic nerve, the nerve that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. In many cases, damage to the optic nerve is due to increased pressure in the eye, also known as intraocular pressure (IOP). Treatment: The goal of treatment is to reduce eye pressure. Depending on the type of glaucoma, this is done using medications or surgery. Open-angle glaucoma treatment: Most people with open-angle glaucoma can be treated successfully with eye drops. Most eye drops used today have fewer side effects than those used in the past. You may need more than one type of drop. Some patients may also be treated with pills to lower pressure in the eye. Newer drops and pills are being developed that may protect the optic nerve from glaucoma damage. Some patients will need other forms of treatment, such as laser treatment, to help open the fluid outflow channels. This procedure is usually painless. Others may need traditional surgery to open a new outflow channel. 3. DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: Diabetic retinopathy is damage to the eye's retina that occurs with long-term diabetes. Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Diabetic retinopathy is caused by damage to blood vessels of the retina. The retina is the layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye. It changes light and images that enter the eye into nerve signals that are sent to the brain. Treatment: The following are very important for preventing diabetic retinopathy: · Tight control of blood sugar (glucose), blood pressure, and cholesterol; Stopping smoking People with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy may not need treatment. However, they should be closely followed-up by an eye doctor trained to treat diabetic retinopathy. Treatment usually does not reverse damage that has already occurred, but it can help keep the disease from getting worse. Once your eye doctor notices new blood vessels growing in your retina (neovascularization) or you develop macular edema, treatment is usually needed. Several procedures or surgeries are the main treatment for diabetic retinopathy. Retinal Laser eye surgery (a facility available at Suvi Eye Institute, Kota) creates small burns in the retina where there are abnormal blood vessels. This process is called photocoagulation. It is used to keep vessels from leaking or to get rid of abnormal, fragile vessels. Focal laser photocoagulation is used to treat macular edema. Scatter laser treatment or pan-retinal photocoagulation treats a large area of your retina. Often two or more sessions are needed. A surgical procedure called vitrectomy is used when there is bleeding (hemorrhage) into the eye. It may also be used to repair the retinal detachment. Drugs that prevent abnormal blood vessels from growing, and corticosteroids, Anti-VEGF (AVASTIN) injected into the eyeball are being investigated as new treatments for diabetic retinopathy. Several diabetic patients are benefitted from a Laser treatment, vitrectomy operation, and Avastin injection procedures are done regularly at Suvi Eye Institute, Kota. #DrSureshKPandeyKota #SuViEyeHospitalKota #SuVi