Capsicum – Sequencing a mysteriously large genome to improve future crops скачать в хорошем качестве

Capsicum – Sequencing a mysteriously large genome to improve future crops

What are chillies related to? And why do chillies have such variety? Find the answers in this review of: Whole-genome sequencing of cultivated and wild peppers provides insights into Capsicum domestication and specialization. Qin C, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Apr 8;111(14):5135-40. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1400975111. Twitter:   / genetics_stuff   OTHER VIDEOS YOU MIGHT LIKE: • Altruistic fire ants: The discovery of green beard genes -    • Altruistic fire ants: The discovery o...   • Extinct but not forgotten: Genetics of the Tasmanian tiger, an extinct Australian predator -    • Extinct but not forgotten: Genetics o...   • From discovery to COVID-19 vaccine – the journey of mRNA -    • From discovery to COVID-19 vaccine – ...   The Solanaceae family provides many of our staple foods, tomato, potato, eggplant and capsicum. Prior to 2014 all had a sequenced genome, except capsicum, known to have a genome much larger than its sister taxa of tomato and potato. In 2014 a large collaboration spanning four countries and dozens of researchers published the genome of two capsicum species, each at polarising ends of the genus, a well-known domesticated capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) and its wild progenitor (C. annuum var. glabriusculum). Following shotgun sequencing, comparative analyses and mapping expressed sequence tags, over 34,000 genes were identified. The newly completed genome provided key insights into the Capsicum genus, demonstrating that capsicum had begun to speciate about 36 million years ago, and the large genome size was due to massive proliferation of LTR-retrotransposons which accounted for 81% of the sequence. Finally, the discrimination between the genes of domestic and wild capsicum facilitated the identification of genes associated with pathogen resilience, ripening, germination and so on. This, in conjunction with the comparative analysis of annotated genes between capsicum and other Solanaceae species with a whole-sequenced genome, allowed for the identification of genes crucial for the genetic improvement of capsicum. Creator: Liam References: Barboza, G.E., C. Carrizo García, S. Leiva González, M. Scaldaferro and X. Reyes, 2019 Four new species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) from the tropical Andes and an update on the phylogeny of the genus. PLOS ONE 14: e0209792 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209792 Butler, J., I. MacCallum, M. Kleber, I. A. Shlyakhter, M. K. Belmonte et al., 2008 ALLPATHS: de novo assembly of whole-genome shotgun microreads. Genome research 18: 810-820. doi:10.1101/gr.7337908 de Assis, R., V. Y. Baba, L. A. Cintra, L. S. A. Gonçalves, R. Rodrigues et al., 2020 Genome relationships and LTR-retrotransposon diversity in three cultivated Capsicum L.(Solanaceae) species. BMC genomics 21: 1-14. doi:10.1186/s12864-020-6618-9 Li, R., H. Zhu, J. Ruan, W. Qian, X. Fang et al., 2010 De novo assembly of human genomes with massively parallel short read sequencing. Genome Research 20: 265-72. doi:10.1101/gr.097261.109 Moscone, E.A., M. Baranyi, I. Ebert, J. Greilhubert, F. Ehrendorfer et al., 2003 Analysis of nuclear DNA content in Capsicum (Solanaceae) by flow cytometry and Feulgen densitometry. Annals of Botany 92: 21-29. doi:10.1093/aob/mcg105 Qin, C., C. Yu, Y. Shen, X. Fang, L. Chen et al., 2014 Whole-genome sequencing of cultivated and wild peppers provides insights into Capsicum domestication and specialization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111: 5135-5140. doi:10.1073/pnas.1400975111