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The Mysterious Basque Language

Also known as Euskara, is spoken in the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain as well as in the adjacent part of southwestern France. Basque is an isolated language, meaning that it is unrelated to the other languages of Europe. spoken by the 28.4% of Basques in all territories, it is believed to be one of the few surviving pre-indo-European languages, and is the only one in Western Europe. There are several theories about the connection of Basque with other languages, most of them are controversial. The Iberian hypothesis believes that Basque is connected to Iberian, another ancient language once spoken in the Iberian Peninsula. The Vasconic substratum theory suggests that Basque is the only survivor of a larger family that once extended throughout most of Western Europe. The region where Basque is spoken has become smaller over centuries. Nothing is known about the limits of this region in ancient times. In 1978 the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Autonomous Community established Basque as the co-official language. Today it is considered to have 5 main dialects and the difference between them can make cross-dialect communication difficult. The sounds are similar to Spanish. Basque distinguishes three types of s and there are no words start with a r. It is an agglutinative language and the causal suffixes are added only to the last element of the nominal group. The suffix gives information about article, number and cases. The verb also with the direct and indirect object. Thanks to its characteristics, there is freedom in word order, although the SOV is the most frequent. A Basque noun-phrase is inflected in 68 different forms. As Basque came in contact with neighbouring languages, it has adopted about 40 percent of its vocabulary from the Romance languages, the majority from Latin, Spanish and Gascon. For the writing system, it uses the Latin script. The Educational system in the Basque country can follow three Models. Model A has Spanish as a vehicular, Model B is a mix of the two languages or Model D which has Euskera as a vehicular language the latter was the most chosen with 65% of secondary school adopting it.