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Brunner's gland

(duodenal gland) A compound tubular submucosal gland in the duodenum above the hepatopancreatic sphincter (sphincter of Oddi). It secretes a mucous containing bicarbonate (alkaline secretion). (Functions) • Protects the duodenum from the acidic content of chyme from the stomach. • Provides an alkaline condition for the intestinal enzymes to be active, thus enabling absorption to take place. • Lubricates the intestinal walls. In response to the presence of acid, it also secrete pepsinogen and urogastrone, which inhibit parietal and chief cells of the stomach from secreting acid and their digestive enzymes. This is another form of protection for the duodenum. S cells of the duodenum secrete secretin, a peptide hormone, that helps regulate the pH of the duodenum by inhibiting the secretion of gastric acid from the parietal cells of the stomach, and stimulating the production of bicarbonate from the ductal cells of the pancreas. It also stimulates bile production by the liver. Brunner's gland hamartoma: A benign tumor of the duodenum arising from the Brunner's glands. Most patients are asymptomatic, but some may present with common gastrointestinal symptoms such as bleeding, nausea, vomiting, and chronic abdominal pain.