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Square and Multiply Algorithm

✔ https://StudyForce.com ✔ https://Biology-Forums.com ✔ Ask questions here: https://Biology-Forums.com/Ask To compute M^e (mod n) for large e, 1. Write the exponent e in binary, and express as a binary expansion. 2. Compute M^2, M^4, M^8, … , M^(2^t ) (mod n) such that 2^t does not exceed the leading power of two in the binary expansion of e. 3. To obtain M^e (mod n), multiply together the appropriate M^2i values that correspond to non-zero bits of the binary expanion of e, modulus n. Q1. Compute 3128^37 (mod 5251). Q2. Determine the value of 5^14 (mod 17).