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Pons Lesions

Official Ninja Nerd Website: https://ninjanerd.org Ninja Nerds! In this neuropathology lecture, Professor Zach Murphy breaks down the essential clinical syndromes caused by pontine lesions, helping you localize damage within the brainstem through a deep understanding of neuroanatomy and vascular territories. We focus on how injury to specific structures in the pons results in recognizable patterns of motor, sensory, and cranial nerve deficits. The lecture begins with a review of the pontine anatomy, emphasizing the corticospinal tract, medial lemniscus, abducens and facial nerves, and spinothalamic pathways. Using this foundation, we explore syndromes such as medial pontine syndrome, often caused by paramedian basilar artery strokes, which presents with contralateral hemiparesis and proprioceptive loss alongside ipsilateral CN VI palsy. We then cover lateral pontine syndrome, resulting from anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) occlusion, which causes ipsilateral facial paralysis, decreased lacrimation and salivation, hearing loss, and ataxia, with contralateral pain and temperature loss. We also discuss unique features of locked-in syndrome, where bilateral ventral pons infarction spares consciousness and vertical eye movements but results in complete paralysis. Throughout the lecture, we emphasize how to distinguish pontine strokes from midbrain or medullary lesions based on clinical clues and vascular involvement. We highly recommend watching our Pons Anatomy & Function lecture:    • Neurology | Pons Anatomy & Function   prior to this lecture to understand the Pons neuroanatomy. Enjoy the lecture and support us below! 🌐 Official Links Website: https://www.ninjanerd.org Podcast: https://podcast.ninjanerd.org Store: https://merch.ninjanerd.org 📱 Social Media   / ninjanerdlectures     / ninjanerdlectures     / ninjanerdlectures   https://x.com/ninjanerdsci/   / ninja-nerd   💬 Join Our Community Discord:   / discord   #ninjanerd #PonsLesions #Neurology