Esophagitis - Upper GI Endoscopy скачать в хорошем качестве

Esophagitis - Upper GI Endoscopy

Reflux esophagitis is an esophageal mucosal injury that occurs secondary to retrograde flux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Clinically, this is referred to as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The reflux disease involves the distal 8-10 cm of the esophagus and the gastroesophageal junction. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The typical presentation of GERD includes esophageal symptoms such as heartburn, acid dyspepsia, regurgitation, and chest pain. The extra-esophageal symptoms are also referred to as “atypical” symptoms of reflux disease and include, but are not limited to, cough, asthma, throat pain, aspiration pneumonia, globus sensation, and hoarseness due to pharyngitis, laryngitis, or sinus problems. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Endoscopy is performed : 1. to confirm the presence of esophagitis 2. its nature (whether it is due to reflux), and 3. its severity, when the symptoms are less than unequivocal or atypical 4. the response to treatment is not adequate, or 5. when patient has an onset of new symptoms, such as dysphagia or hematemesis. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The treatment involves the use of acid suppressor drugs. Surgical intervention is required in patients with hiatal hernia or an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Erosive esophagitis can become complicated by the development of ulcers and formation of strictures due to fibrosis. About 10% of patients with symptomatic reflux develop Barrett esophagus, which is a precursor lesion for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus