Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome скачать в хорошем качестве

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

(LEMS) An autoimmune disease. The immune system attacks the calcium channels at the neuromuscular junction. With fewer calcium channels, the nerve ending releases less acetylcholine, causing muscle weakness. (Symptoms) • Muscle weakness - Upper legs and hips: Leading to difficulty walking. Initial symptom. - Upper arms and shoulders: Make self-care difficult. - Face, throat: Eyes, those involved in talking, swallowing, and chewing. Usually mild symptom. • Dry mouth • Constipation • Erectile dysfunction in men (Causes) • Small cell lung cancer: The body's attempt to fight the cancer inadvertently causes it to attack nerve endings because the cancer cells share some of the same proteins as nerve endings. It is most often caused by long-term cigarette smoking. The average onset is about 60 years old. • Unknown causes: It may have a genetic component linked to autoimmunity. The average onset is about 35 years old. (Treatments) • Treatment for lung cancer • Medicine to help nerve signals reach the muscles - amifampridine: Blocks potassium channel efflux in nerve terminals so that action potential duration is increased. Ca2+ channels can then be open for a longer time and allow greater acetylcholine release to stimulate muscle at the end plate. - pyridostigmine: Inhibits acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft, thus slowing down the hydrolysis of acetylcholine. • Immunosuppressants: Steroid tablets (e.g. prednisolone, azathioprine, methotrexate). • Immunoglobulin therapy: Injections of antibodies from donated blood. • Plasmapheresis: A procedure to redirect the blood through a machine that filters out the antibodies attacking the nerves. Cf. myasthenia gravis