Julius Caesar Ep. 2 - The Roman Republic Part 1 - An Animated History Lesson - Stick Figure History скачать в хорошем качестве

Julius Caesar Ep. 2 - The Roman Republic Part 1 - An Animated History Lesson - Stick Figure History

Want to help me upload videos more frequently? Go to my Patreon to help me out: patreon.com/stickfigurehistory Stick Figure History proudly presents its video series based on Julius Caesar. Gaius Julius Caesar was born July 12/13, 100? bce in Rome and died March 15, 44 bce. He was a celebrated Roman general and statesman, the conqueror of Gaul, a victor in the civil war of 49–45 bce, and a dictator, who was launching a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated by a group of nobles in the Senate House on the Ides of March. Caesar changed the course of the history of the world decisively and irreversibly. The Greco-Roman society has been extinct for so long that most of the names of its great men mean little to the average, educated modern person. But Caesar’s name, like Alexander’s, is still on people’s lips throughout the Christian and Islamic worlds. Even people who know nothing of Caesar as a historic personality are familiar with his family name as a title signifying a ruler who is in some sense uniquely supreme or paramount—the meaning of Kaiser in German, tsar in the Slavonic languages, and qay?ar in the languages of the Islamic world. Caesar’s clan name, Julius, is also familiar in the Christian world, for in Caesar’s lifetime the Roman month Quintilis, in which he was born, was renamed “July” in his honour. This name has survived, as has Caesar’s reform of the calendar. The old Roman calendar was inaccurate and manipulated for political purposes. Caesar’s calendar, the Julian calendar, is still partially in force in the Eastern countries, and the Gregorian calendar, now in use in the West, is the a slightly corrected version of the Julian calendar. . This episode sets the stage for the time Caesar was born by explaining what the Roman Republic was like at the time of his birth. The Roman Republic was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. Roman society under the Republic was a cultural mix of Latin, Etruscan, and Greek elements, which is especially visible in the Roman Pantheon. Its political organisation was strongly influenced by the Greek city states of Magna Graecia, with collective and annual magistracies, overseen by a senate. The top magistrates were the two consuls, who had an extensive range of executive, legislative, judicial, military, and religious powers. Whilst there were elections each year, the Republic was not a democracy, but an oligarchy, as a small number of large families (called gentes) monopolised the main magistracies. Roman institutions underwent considerable changes throughout the Republic to adapt to the difficulties it faced, such as the creation of promagistracies to rule its conquered provinces, or the composition of the senate.