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Diaphragm - Anatomy,Function,Origin,Openings,Innervation,Blood supply | Made simple The diaphragm is located at the inferior-most aspect of the ribcage, filling the inferior thoracic aperture. It acts as the floor of the thoracic cavity and the roof of the abdominal cavity. The attachments of diaphragm can be divided into peripheral and central attachments. It has three peripheral attachments: Lumbar vertebrae and arcuate ligaments. Costal cartilages of ribs 7-10 (attach directly to ribs 11-12). Xiphoid process of the sternum. The parts of the diaphragm that arise from the vertebrae are tendinous in structure, and are known as the right and left crura: Right crus – Arises from L1-L3 and their intervertebral discs. Some fibres from the right crus surround the oesophageal opening, acting as a physiological sphincter to prevent reflux of gastric contents into the oesophagus. Left crus – Arises from L1-L2 and their intervertebral discs. The muscle fibres of the diaphragm combine to form a central tendon. This tendon ascends to fuse with the inferior surface of the fibrous pericardium. Either side of the pericardium, the diaphragm ascends to form left and right domes. At rest, the right dome lies slightly higher than the left – this is thought to be due to the presence of the liver. The diaphragm divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Thus, any structure that pass between the two cavities will pierce the diaphragm. There are three openings that act as conduit for these structures: Caval Hiatus (T8) Inferior vena cava Terminal branches of right phrenic nerve Oesophageal Hiatus (T10) Oesophagus Right and left vagus nerves Oesophageal branches of left gastric artery/vein Aortic Hiatus (T10) Aorta Thoracic duct Azygous vein Innervation and Vasculature The halves of the diaphragm receives motor innervation from a phrenic nerve. The left half of the diaphragm (known as a hemidiaphragm) is innervated by the left phrenic nerve, and vice versa. Each phrenic nerve is formed in the neck within the cervical plexus, and contains fibres from spinal roots C3-C5. The majority of the arterial supply to the diaphragm is delivered via the inferior phrenic arteries, which arise directly from the abdominal aorta. The remaining supply is from the superior phrenic, pericardiacophrenic, and musculophrenic arteries. The draining veins follow the aforementioned arteries. support us : https://www.patreon.com/user?u=9902008 www.easywaytolearnmedicine.blogspot.com / way_medicine / waymedicine