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Give Me the Bible

The Gentiles shouldn't be arrogant against the Jews. God hasn't written them off and chosen the Gentiles as His special people now. No, God is using the salvation of the Gentiles to make the Jews jealous so more Jews will be saved! v. 7-8 - Because the Jews have rejected Jesus, God hardened their hearts to punish their sin and use them to bring salvation to the Gentiles. Their hearts were far from God, just like the Jews in Deuteronomy 29 and Isaiah 29. v. 9-10 - The Jews are rejecting Jesus just like they rejected king David, so it's only natural for God to take vengeance on the enemies of His chosen king. v. 11 - There's still hope for the Jews! They've stumbled, but haven't fallen completely! They can still change and come to faith in Jesus. In the meantime, God is using their rejection of Jesus to bring salvation to Gentiles. v. 12 - If God can bring good from the evil of the Jewish failure, how much more good will He be able to bring from the good of the Jewish obedience? v. 13-14 - Paul doesn't celebrate his ministry to the Gentiles because they're better than the Jews, but because he knows it'll make the Jews jealous, they'll want to be part of Jesus' kingdom too, and they'll repent! v. 15 - Same point as v. 12, just different wording. v. 16 - In Numbers 15:17-21, the firstfruits of the harvest was holy to God, but they didn't have to give God the whole piece of dough from the firstfruits. They only had to take a lump from that piece to give to the priest as an offering to God. Since the first piece of dough was holy, the lump was too. Point: All the faithful Israelites in the OT (Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, David, etc.) and all the ethnic Jews who put their faith in Jesus up to the time Paul wrote Romans were that first piece of dough that's considered holy to God. Well, any lump that comes from them in the future will be holy too. Meaning, any Jews who put their faith in Jesus like they did will be holy too. God isn't done with the Jews! They can still repent and be holy just like all the faithful Jews before them! In the second part of v. 16, he makes the same point, but uses a different image of a root and branches, which will set himself up nicely for the next section.