Infrared Spectroscopic Techniques for the non-invasive study of clays скачать в хорошем качестве

Infrared Spectroscopic Techniques for the non-invasive study of clays

An introduction to key determinative methods in clay science Georgios Chryssikos, Institute of Theoretical & Physical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Greece This lecture introduces the application of attenuated total reflectance (ATR) in the mid-infrared and diffuse reflectance in the near infrared (NIR) for the study of clay minerals with minimum or no sample preparation. The aim is to isolate and study the spectrum of the water and hydroxyl species that decorate the internal and external surfaces of clays. Beyond mineral identification, these spectra provide intrinsic proxies for the octahedral sheet, the termination of the tetrahedral sheet, the layer charge, the contents of the interlayer etc. Tips for the proper measurement of samples in the range from mg to tons as well as efficient techniques for band separation (including practical methods for H/D exchange) are presented.