扁桃体切除术的麻醉方法有哪些 周晓健 灌南县人民医院 скачать в хорошем качестве

扁桃体切除术的麻醉方法有哪些 周晓健 灌南县人民医院

扁桃体切除术的麻醉方法有哪些 周晓健 灌南县人民医院 扁桃体切除术的麻醉方法有局部麻醉和全身静脉麻醉两种：局部麻醉患者是清醒的，手术中患者坐着，需要配合医生张口；如果患者配合不好，就可能会影响医生的手术进程和手术效果。全身麻醉时患者不会知道手术过程，医生便于操作，可缩短手术时间，并能彻底止血，减少手术后出血的风险。全麻费用偏高，麻醉相关的风险也相应增加。但目前全麻技术已比较成熟，有效减少了麻醉风险和并发症。儿童的较大扁桃体可在表面麻醉或全身麻醉下用挤切法施行。有时扁桃体很小，埋藏于扁桃体窝内，难以采取挤切法时，可于全麻下用剥离法进行扁桃体摘除术。局部麻醉的局限性(1)、儿童很难配合医生在咽部注射麻醉药物；(2)、对一部分患者来说，局部麻醉难以压制咽部的恶心反射，会影响医生术中操作；(3)、术中出现大出血的情况。 What are the anesthesia methods of tonsillectomy There are two kinds of anesthesia methods for tonsillectomy: local anesthesia and general intravenous anesthesia. The patients under local anesthesia are awake, The patient is sitting during the operation, Need to cooperate with doctor to open mouth; If the patient does not cooperate well, It may affect the process and effect of the operation. During general anesthesia, the patient will not know the operation process, Doctors are easy to operate, It can shorten the operation time, It can completely stop bleeding, Reduce the risk of bleeding after surgery. The cost of general anesthesia is on the high side, The risks associated with anesthesia also increased. But at present, the general anesthesia technology is relatively mature, It can effectively reduce the risk of anesthesia and complications. The larger tonsils of children can be cut by extrusion under surface anesthesia or general anesthesia. Sometimes the tonsils are small, Buried in the tonsil fossa, When it is difficult to adopt extrusion cutting method, Tonsillectomy can be performed under general anesthesia by stripping method. The limitations of local anesthesia (1) it is difficult for children to cooperate with doctors to inject anesthetics into the pharynx; (2) For some patients, Local anesthesia is difficult to suppress the nausea reflex of the pharynx, It will affect the operation of doctors; (3) Major bleeding occurred during operation.