Necrosis | Cell Injury | General Pathology 🩺 скачать в хорошем качестве

Necrosis | Cell Injury | General Pathology 🩺

#drnajeeb #medicines #pharmacology #pathology #necrosis Necrosis | Cell Injury | General Pathology 🩺 Like this video? Sign up now on our website at https://www.DrNajeebLectures.com to access 1000+ Exclusive videos on Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. These are premium videos (NOT FROM YOUTUBE). All these videos come with English subtitles & download options. Sign up now! Get Lifetime Access for a one-time payment of $24 ONLY! Sign up now on our website at https://members.drnajeeblectures.com/... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why sign up for premium membership? Here's why! Membership Features for premium website members. 1. More than 1000+ Medical Lectures. 2. Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. 3. Mobile-friendly interface with android and iOS apps. 4. English subtitles and new videos every week. 5. Download option for offline video playback. 6. Fanatic customer support and that's 24/7. 7. Fast video playback option to learn faster. 8. Trusted by over 2M+ students in 190 countries. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (0:00-2:40) Necrosis is a PATHWAY to cell death; a result of IRREVERSIBLE injury. Cell Death due to an irreversible injury can follow one of two pathways; either Necrosis or Apoptosis. Appreciate that; a dead tissue cut off from the body is not a necrotic tissue; a necrotic tissue would still be attached to the body; and it’s the body which would be initiating necrosis against it. (2:41-4:00) DIFFERENTIATE B/W NECROSIS & APOPTOSIS: Necrosis is ALWAYS a pathological cell injury; which may be due to trauma, severe ischemia, toxins or radiations etc. In other words, it is always an "Unwanted" injury. Apoptosis; may be physiological or pathological; when the body wants to remove some cells or even a tissue; it utilizes the process of Apoptosis. It is always "Wanted" or a "Needed" injury. (4:01-6:54) DEFINITION OF NECROSIS: A series of morphological changes, occurring in a lethally injured cell that cannot recover & reverse from nor adapt & adjust to the stress of injury. These morphological changes take anywhere between 4-12 hours to appear histologically; at which point they can be observed with a light microscope. These changes may occur in the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus or any other organelle of the cell. Note that; just the Cell Injury itself is NOT necrosis; it’s the SERIES OF CHANGES that occur to a lethally injured cell that is referred to as Necrosis, and these changes will invariably lead to DEATH of the cell. (6:55-14:34) MECHANISM OF INJURY; Necrotic cell cannot create its own ATP and ends up hogging the body's energy reserves; also due to Anaerobic Respiration, Lactic Acid accumulates and makes the intracellular environment acidic. Hence, there is a need to eliminate these injured cells. Necrotic changes occurring in a cell take place through the following mechanism: 1-INTRACELLULAR PROTEIN DENATURATION; This includes Structural & Functional Proteins (e.g., enzymes, pumps, etc.); loss of structural proteins will destroy the cell's integrity & will result in a spillover of its contents. 2-ENZYMATIC DIGESTION of the severely injured cells; Lysosomes are organelles carrying a cell’s proteolytic enzymes. They may burst in an injured cell; which leads to proteolysis of all cellular components. Since, it’s the cells’ own enzymes doing the lysis, we call this Autolysis. When foreign enzymes released by either Neutrophils or a microbe present; it is Heterolysis. All these processes further contribute to the morphological changes we define as Necrosis. (14:36-20:17) 3-LOSS OF INTEGRITY of plasma membrane of a necrotic cell; Plasma Membrane of the cell is disrupted; Intracellular constituents come out into the extracellular environment; cell starts "bleeding" in a way; unable to maintain the integrity of its’ plasma membranes. Injurious enzymes leak out and irritate surrounding tissues. An inflammatory response is elicited; vasodilation, increased permeability, leukocytes infiltration; trying to eat or remove necrotic cell and repairing tissues. [Necrosis does not occur in one cell alone; Apoptosis may]. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Join this channel to get access to perks: Sign up now on our website at https://members.drnajeeblectures.com/...    / @doctornajeeb   Follow us on Facebook :-   / drnajeeb   Follow us on Instagram :-   / drnajeeblectures