The rhizosphere: bacteria & plant root nodules - Philip Poole скачать в хорошем качестве

The rhizosphere: bacteria & plant root nodules - Philip Poole

Essential to life on Earth, half of the biosphere’s nitrogen comes from the symbioses between bacteria (rhizobia) in root nodules and legumes (plants). Rhizobia are bacteria of the soil microbiota that compete for root attachment and colonisation. Plants secrete up to 20% of their photosynthate via roots, profoundly influencing the composition of microbes both in plant tissues and in the surrounding soil known as the rhizosphere. The interaction between microbes and roots in the rhizosphere dtermines how productive plants are, with rhizosphere microbes essential to nutrient and carbon cycling. The microbes, collectively called the microbiota, are also strongly dependent on microbial competition and plant immunity. The reverse is also true in that the microbiota impacts plant growth. 00:00 Introduction 00:43 Lifecycle of rhizobial bacteria 04:15 How are bacteria attracted to roots? 09:51 How do bacteria colonize plants? 18:20 Genes in the rhizosphere 30:46 Competition in the rhizosphere 35:15 Nitrogen-fixation dynamics 44:22 Acknowledgements Speaker profile: Philip Poole is a Professor of Plant Microbiology at the University of Oxford, where he studies how plants interact with their microbiota and how this alters plant growth. Philip did his first degree and PhD in Australia before coming to do Post-Doctoral studies in the Department of Biochemistry at Oxford. He moved to the University of Reading as a lecturer, eventually becoming Professor of Microbial Physiology. Phil moved to the John Innes Centre in Norwich in 2007 to work in the Molecular Microbiology Department, which is a great place for scientists interested in plant microbiology. In 2013, he took up a personal chair as Professor of Plant Microbiology at the University of Oxford in the Department of Plant Sciences. His group studies the physiology of bacterial growth and survival in the rhizosphere, colonisation of roots and how bacteria establish symbiotic interactions with plants. A further focus of his research is the physiology and biochemistry of nitrogen fixation in legume nodules. Recently he has developed new methods to study how plants control the plant root microbiome. "In our group, we are studying how plants interact with their microbiota and how this alters plant growth. We are interested in how bacteria attach to roots, how this is controlled and what influence it has on their survival and fitness. A particular area of specialisation in our work is the interaction between rhizobia and legumes that results in N2-fixing nodules." www.rhizosphere.org Filmed at the Gatsby Plant Science Summer School, 2018. #mycorrhiza #rhizobium #nitrogenfixation