Charge on Coordinations Sphere||Chelates||Chelation||Chelating Agents||Examples скачать в хорошем качестве

Charge on Coordinations Sphere||Chelates||Chelation||Chelating Agents||Examples

Charge on Coordinations Sphere||Chelates||Chelation||Chelating Agents||Examples #pashtolecture This Pashto Video lecture we learned about the concept and calculations of Charge on Coordination sphere and Chelate, Chelation and Chelating Agents Examples and explanation. #Chargeomcoordinationsphere #calculatecharge #chelates #chelatingagents #chelation #chelatingagents #examplesofchelatingagent #chelatescompounds #chemistrywallah #xploretheworldofchemistry #drhadi #chemistrywallahsir #elements #science #alakhpandey #alakh_sir_motivation #urdulectures #adnansirchemistry Great topic—this is **core coordination chemistry**, so let’s make it clean, exam-ready, and easy to remember 👌 --- *1. Charge on Coordination Sphere* *Coordination sphere* It includes the *central metal ion + ligands directly attached to it* (inside square brackets). *How to find the charge* {Charge on coordination sphere} = {Charge on metal ion} + \sum ({charges of ligands}) ] *Examples* *Example 1:* [Co(NH_3)_6]Cl_3] NH₃ = neutral ligand Co = +3 ✔ Charge on coordination sphere = *+3* --- *Example 2:* [K_4][Fe(CN)_6] Fe = +2 CN⁻ = –1 × 6 = –6 [ +2 + (–6) = –4 ] ✔ Charge on coordination sphere = *–4* --- *Example 3:* [ [Cu(NH_3)_4]SO_4 ] ✔ Charge on coordination sphere = *+2* --- *2. Chelates* *Definition* A *chelate* is a coordination compound in which a *polydentate ligand* forms *ring structures* with a metal ion. 📌 Ring formation is the key word. --- *Example* [Cu(en)_2]^{2+}] en = ethylenediamine (bidentate ligand) Two rings are formed ✔ This compound is a *chelate* --- *3. Chelation* *Definition* *Chelation* is the process by which a **polydentate ligand binds to a metal ion through two or more donor atoms**, forming ring structures. 📌 Process = chelation 📌 Product = chelate --- *Example* When *EDTA⁴⁻* binds with **Ca²⁺**, chelation occurs. --- *4. Chelating Agents* *Definition* Chelating agents are *polydentate ligands* that can bind a metal ion at *more than one point* and form chelates. --- *Common Chelating Agents & Examples* | Chelating Agent | Denticity | Example | | -------------------- | ----------- | -------------------------- | | Ethylenediamine (en) | Bidentate | [Cu(en)₂]²⁺ | | Oxalate (C₂O₄²⁻) | Bidentate | [Fe(C₂O₄)₃]³⁻ | | EDTA⁴⁻ | Hexadentate | [Ca–EDTA]²⁻ | | Glycine | Bidentate | Metal–amino acid complexes | --- *5. Importance / Extra Point (Exam Favorite ⭐)* 🔹 *Chelate complexes are more stable* than complexes with monodentate ligands → This is called the *Chelate Effect* --- *One-line Memory Trick 🧠* *Chelation* → process *Chelate* → ring compound *Chelating agent* → polydentate ligand