Pharmacology of Dactinomycin (Cosmegen) ; Pharmacokinetics, Mechanism of Action, Uses, Effects скачать в хорошем качестве

Pharmacology of Dactinomycin (Cosmegen) ; Pharmacokinetics, Mechanism of Action, Uses, Effects

Dactinomycin, also known as Cosmegen or Actinomycin D, is an antineoplastic antibiotic used in the treatment of various cancers, including Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and metastatic testicular cancer. Here's an overview of its pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: DNA Intercalation: Dactinomycin binds to DNA, inhibiting RNA synthesis and preventing cell replication. Cytotoxic Effects: It disrupts the transcription process, leading to apoptosis (programmed cell death) in rapidly dividing cancer cells. Pharmacokinetics: Administration: Given intravenously, as it is highly toxic and cannot be taken orally. Distribution: Concentrates in nucleated cells but does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Metabolism: Minimally metabolized, with most of the drug excreted unchanged. Elimination: Excreted primarily in feces and urine, with a terminal half-life of approximately 36 hours. Side Effects: Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and hair loss. Serious adverse effects may include myelosuppression, mucositis, and tissue damage if extravasation occurs during administration. #Dactinomycin