Toxicology (Part-06) Mutation (01) What is Mutation | Types of Mutation | Mutagenicity | Toxicology скачать в хорошем качестве

Toxicology (Part-06) Mutation (01) What is Mutation | Types of Mutation | Mutagenicity | Toxicology

Participate in the FREE online test for the lecture = https://forms.gle/noBzmaPcNqTVDTA87 Download "Solution Pharmacy" Mobile App to Get All Uploaded Notes, Model Question Papers, Answer Papers, Online Test and other GPAT Materials - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence. Mutations can result from DNA copying mistakes made during cell division, exposure to ionizing radiation, exposure to chemicals called mutagens, or infection by viruses. Germline mutations occur in the eggs and sperm and can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations occur in body cells and are not passed on. Types of Mutation - (1) Point Mutation - A point mutation is a mutation that only affects a single nucleotide of nucleic acid. Point mutations most commonly involve the substitution of one base for another (which changes the complementary base as well in DNA). The term point mutations also include insertions or deletions of a single base pair. (2) Frameshift Mutation- A frameshift mutation is a type of mutation involving the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in which the number of deleted base pairs is not divisible by three. ... If a mutation disrupts this reading frame, then the entire DNA sequence following the mutation will be read incorrectly. A consequence of Point Mutation (A) Silent mutation: Since a few different codons can correspond to the same amino acid, sometimes a base substitution does not affect which amino acid is picked. For example, ATT, ATC and ATA all correspond to isoleucine. If a base substitution were to occur in the codon ATT changing the last nucleotide (T) to a C or an A, everything would remain the same in the resulting protein. The mutation would go undetected or remain silent. (B) Missense mutation: In this type of mutation the altered codon now corresponds to a different amino acid. As a result an incorrect amino acid is inserted into the protein being synthesized. (C) Nonsense mutation: In this type of mutation, instead of tagging an amino acid, the altered codon signals for transcription to stop. Thus a shorter mRNA strand is produced and the resulting protein is truncated or nonfunctional. Get in touch with the solution by just clicking following links- Facebook Group-   / solutionpharamcy   Facebook Page-   / pharmavideo   New channel (Pharmacy Dictionary) -    / @pharmacydictionary   Instagram-   / solutionpharmacy   E-Mail for official and other work - [email protected] LinkedIn-   / pushpendrakpatel   #solutionpharmacy #Pharmacologyclass #GPATonlinetest