Nucleophilic Addition of Oxygen Nucleophiles (Hydrates, Hemiacetals, & Acetals) скачать в хорошем качестве

Nucleophilic Addition of Oxygen Nucleophiles (Hydrates, Hemiacetals, & Acetals)

In this video, we continue our discussion on the chemistry of carbonyl compounds by examining the nucleophilic addition of oxygen nucleophiles to aldehydes and ketones. We look at how to predict the product and propose mechanisms for forming hydrates, hemiacetals, and acetals. Consequently, we also cover the hydrolysis of these products back to aldehydes and ketones. The learning goals for this video are for you to be able to predict the product and propose mechanisms for: – Nucleophilic additions of oxygen nucleophiles to aldehydes and ketones to form hydrates, hemiacetals, and acetals. – Hydrolysis of hydrates, hemiacetals, and acetals back to aldehydes and ketones. Timestamps: 00:00 Introduction 00:46 Hydrate Formation 02:10 Hydrate Formation Under Basic Conditions 03:17 Hydrate Formation Under Acidic Conditions 04:54 Hydrate Hydrolysis 05:48 Hydrate Hydrolysis Under Basic Conditions 07:29 Hydrate Hydrolysis Under Acidic Conditions 09:32 Acetal Formation 09:43 Overview of Acetal Formation 11:46 Acetal Formation Mechanism Under Acidic Conditions (via Hemiacetal) 16:51 Examples of Acetal Formation 22:15 Acetal Hydrolysis 22:50 Acetal Hydrolysis Mechanism Under Acidic Conditions 28:29 Determining Acetal Hydrolysis Products 32:53 Conclusion