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Max-pressure Traffic Signal Timing

Warren Lecture Series “Max-pressure traffic signal timing: Developing theory and practice” Michael Levin Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering University of Minnesota ABSTRACT: Traffic signals are major bottlenecks for urban networks, and traffic signal timing has been studied for decades. However, in 2013, a new paradigm of max-pressure signal timing was introduced, which uses a Markov chain store-and-forward queueing model of traffic flow to mathematically prove that max-pressure control achieves maximum throughput of vehicles. This throughput optimality is shown for a network of max-pressure intersections, not just for individual intersections. As an added benefit, max-pressure control is very computationally easy to implement. Several important theoretical and practical questions remain before max-pressure control can be adopted for real traffic. The purpose of this research is to address some of these questions while preserving the mathematical throughput-optimality property as much as possible. Levin and his team constructed two modified versions of max-pressure control, one with transit signal priority, and another that chooses phases via a signal cycle. Each of these is constructed in a modified Markov chain model of traffic flow, and they proved the maximum throughput properties for the modified max-pressure controls. They also conducted two simulation studies of max-pressure control in calibrated traffic networks. First, they study throughput and delay in 7 intersections in two corridors, with detailed data provided by Hennepin County. Second, they study max-pressure control in the much larger Downtown Austin city network. Results are encouraging, and they hope to test max-pressure control on actual roads soon.