How to Read Your Paternity Test Report | DNA Test Report | скачать в хорошем качестве

How to Read Your Paternity Test Report | DNA Test Report |

How to Read Your Paternity Test Report DNA Test Report The laboratory analysis tests the DNA isolated from cheek swabs to locate certain regions of chromosomes that are known to vary in length between individuals. These sites are tested; each site is called a "locus", ("loci" – plural). Analysis of these sites in a large population has revealed many different sized versions associated with each site. Versions of a DNA sequence or a gene are called “alleles”. These are the genetic markers* used in parentage analysis. Because each individual has two of each type of chromosome, one inherited from each parent, everyone has two alleles at each locus. These two alleles are sometimes identical (homozygous), but usually they are not the same size (heterozygous). During parentage testing, the laboratory identifies the length of the two alleles found at each locus. The report shows numbers (in the first column) that indicate each of the loci involved in the testing process. The columns marked "allele" on the report contain numbers indicating the two alleles found at each locus (or one number if they are the same size). Each different locus is used as genetic markers in the tests, as well as one (Amelogenin) to confirm the gender of the person providing the sample. If the alleged father does not have the matching allele at every tested locus, then he usually cannot be the biological parent. If he does have it, then he could be the father. A "relationship index" (called the "Direct Index" in the report) for each locus is calculated based on information including the portion of the male population that has the obligate paternal allele at that locus. This index is reported for each DNA locus. A combined relationship (or "Direct") index for all of the tested alleles is then calculated and appears below the chart. This number is used to calculate the "probability of relationship," which is the percentage likelihood that a man with the alleles of the alleged father is the biological parent of the child, as compared to an untested, unrelated man of the same race. If the DNA of the alleged father is consistent (to a degree of mathematical certainty) with that of the child, then the report will conclude that the alleged father cannot be excluded as the biological father of the child. If the DNA is not consistent, however, it will conclude that the alleged father can be excluded as the biological father of the child. We follow all paternity-test guidelines for the language used in the report. For this reason, your paternity test results will say whether the possible father IS EXCLUDED or IS NOT EXCLUDED as the biological father of the child tested. IS EXCLUDED: Means that he cannot be the father because testing determined that he and the child do not share a biological parent/child relationship. IS NOT EXCLUDED: Means that he is likely to be the biological father because testing determined that he and the child do share a biological parent/child relationship with a high degree of probability.