EMA 16.1 | The Abbasid Revolution: How Baghdad Replaced Damascus скачать в хорошем качестве

EMA 16.1 | The Abbasid Revolution: How Baghdad Replaced Damascus

In 750 CE, the Abbasid dynasty overthrew the Umayyads and did something remarkable: they abandoned Damascus and built an entirely new capital from scratch. Baghdad — a perfect circle with the caliph's palace at its center — was not just a city but a political statement. This video traces how a multi-layered revolt reshaped the Islamic world, pivoting its center of gravity from the Mediterranean toward Persia, Central Asia, and the Silk Road. Key concepts covered: • The Umayyad caliphate's failed western expansion — the 717 siege of Constantinople and the 733 Battle of Poitiers as turning points • The mawali problem: how non-Arab Muslim converts were promised equality but treated as second-class citizens • Shiite grievances and the belief that the caliphate belonged to the Prophet Muhammad's direct family • The 747 revolt in Persia and the Abbasid seizure of power by 750 • Baghdad's deliberate design: concentric walls, four named gates (three facing east and south), and the caliph's palace at the geometric center • The significance of Baghdad's location — just thirty miles from Ctesiphon, the old Sasanian Persian capital • How the Abbasids absorbed Persian bureaucratic traditions, court culture, and administrative methods • The betrayal of Shiite supporters: promised austerity and religious leadership, they received a lavish, centralized Sunni monarchy • Three broader lessons: empires reorient when expansion stalls, revolutions betray their essential supporters, and cities embody ideology • How the political foundation of 750 set the stage for the House of Wisdom, the translation movement, and the golden age of Islamic science ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ SOURCE MATERIALS The source materials for this video are from    • 16. The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000: The ...