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A video essay about Formalism, an approach to filmmaking that elevates the possibilities of cinema by using the tools of filmmaking (such as production design, lighting, costumes and editing) to build a new world opposed to Realism's recreation of our own reality. //Join me on Patreon: / moviewise //Follow me on Twitter: https://x.com/MrMoviewise Formalism and Realism enclose a spectrum whose middle point (Classicism) is where you find most films; that is, those that follow the dominating norms of their time; films that take place in a plausible reality (not necessarily ours, as sci-fi and fantasy films apply) but use manipulative methods to elevate their own reality. I've wanted to make this video for years. Both because it's a subject and a type of film that fascinate me and because – despite Formalism being a well-known term in the world of film – there simply exists no consistent study of this area of cinema. This video is in great part meant to build a sturdy foundation for the subject of Formalistic Cinema, to clarify foggy concepts and establish limits and definitions. Among many things, I explain how the concept evolved from Formalist Film Theory but does not mean the same thing; how the release date's dominating norms of filmmaking affect whether a film is considered formalistic; how formalism has been absorbed by classicism in the form of scenes featuring dreams and fantasies. It all started with Georges Méliès, the first filmmaker to show cinema's potential to create its own reality. We move briefly through German Expressionism and Soviet Montage before talking about the most formalistic of all genres: the musical, as best represented by Vincente Minnelli. His European counterparts Michael Powell & Emeric Pressburger weren't as dedicated to the musical specifically but they accomplished similar results in terms of mainstream formalism. From then on, I touch to a greater or lesser degree on the works of a multitude of formalists, whether they started out as formalists before changing styles, or started out as realists and evolved to formalism. I go over Sergei Eisenstein (Ivan the Terrible), Rainer Werner Fassbinder (Querelle), Hans-Jürgen Syberberg (Hitler: A Film From Germany), Derek Jarman (Caravaggio), Lars von Trier (Europa), Manoel de Oliveira (The Satin Slipper), Peter Greenaway (The Cook The Thief His Wife & Her Lover) as well as specific films such as Galileo, Here, Titus, Anna Karenina, West Indies and Natural Born Killers. Finally, the discussion ends on animation, Norman McLaren's abstract shorts being perhaps the most extreme cases of formalism. 00:00 Formalism vs Realism vs Classicism 01:46 Méliès, German Expressionism, Soviet Montage 02:39 On dreams and the norms of the time 04:22 Musicals, Minnelli, Powell & Pressburger, Berkeley 06:00 Russell, Fassbinder, Fellini, West Indies 07:59 Red Garters, Trier, Brecht 10:11 Form vs Style, Anna Karenina, Titus 10:55 Formalistic Staging, Eisenstein, Oliveira, Greenaway 13:03 Formalistic Editing, Prospero's Books, Here, Natural Born Killers 14:20 Anachronism, Syberberg, Jarman 15:14 Theatricality, Perceval le Gallois, Coppola, Wes Anderson 16:39 Suzuki, Obayashi, CGI, Megalopolis 18:34 Outro, Animation, McLaren I had no time to mention Marcell Jankovics' The Tragedy of Man nor Zbigniew Rybczyński's The Orchestra. The Teletubbies? #videoessay #filmmaking #filmhistory Merry Go - Silent Film Light by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-... Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Iron Horse - Silent Film Dark by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-... Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Circus Waltz - Silent Film Light by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-... Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Danse Macabre by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-... Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Bushwick Tarantella by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-... Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Industrial Revolution by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-... Artist: http://incompetech.com/