NEET PG-Squint & Comitant Squint-Ophthalmology скачать в хорошем качестве

NEET PG-Squint & Comitant Squint-Ophthalmology

To view more masterclasses download our ophthalmology app at https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... Squint/Strabismus:@0:10 Orthophoria → 2 eyes are Parallel (None can be true orthophobic) Heterophoria = SQUINT → 2 eyes are not parallel Tropia (Visible squint) Exotropia Esotropia Hypertropia Hypotropia Phoria (Squint not visible): Exo phoria Eso phoria Hyper phoria Hypo phoria Tropias - Subtypes :@1:33 Exotropia → one or both eyes are diverted outwards Esotropia → One or both eyes are inwards Hypertropia → one eye is above the other eye. Hypotropia → one eye is below the other eye. Tropia Vs Phoria:@1:57 Tropia → Manifest squint → Squint is clearly visible. In Tropia → In the effected eye the side needs to be demarked ( i.e either right or left) Phoria → Latent Squint → Squint is not visible. We can only notice, when Phoria converts → Tropia (i.e. When child is angry etc.,1 of eye deviates) Diagnosis of Phoria is → when eyes are stressed →Phoria converts → Tropia → Squint → In subtypes of phorias no right and left demarcation. Hirschberg Test:@2:47 →This is a test for Tropias Flash a torch into forehead ( Glabella) of patient, ask patient to look at light, If the patient is: → Orthophoric → Reflection of light is exactly on the centre of the Pupil. → Heterophoric → Reflection of light is not at centre of Pupil. Calculation Of Squint:@3:44 → Measure the distance between centre of pupil & where reflection is present → Each mm of decentration = 70 squint (10 = 2 prism diopters) → = 14 Prism diopters Cover Uncover Test:→ This is to test Phorias@4:52 Procedure: → Flash the torch on to the forehead of pt. & ask her to see the light Cover one of the eyes Resting eye will go into its original position Remove the cover & ask her to see the light again IN EXOPHORIA → Eye ball moves from OUT TO IN IN ESOPHORIA → Eye ball moves from IN TO OUT IN ORTHOPHORIA → NO MOVEMENT OF EYEBALL. Most of the times Phorias don't require treatment. Tropia: It is of two types@6:43 Comitant (Together)Squint: Angle b/w 2 eyes remains the same in all 9 Gazes . It is of two types : Accommodative Non Accommodative → No functional problem seen Incomitant Squint: Angle b/w 2 eyes changes with every Gazes It is of two types : Paralytic Squint Restrictive Squint Incomitant squint Causes: Diplopia Abnormal Head posture (AHP) Vertigo Disorientation Accommodative Squint:@8:00 Due to uncorrected refractive error Uncorrected myopics develop DIVERGENT SQUINT Uncorrected hypermetropics develop CONVERGENT SQUINT Treated by prescribing glasses Non Accommodative Squint:@8:52 Due to high fever, post trauma, chronic disorders etc. Do not improve with glasses Rx by surgery (Recession and /or Resection) Surgery - Non Accommodative Squint: Surgery : Recession and /or Resection Aims at making one muscle weaker → By Recession Making opposite muscle stronger → By resection