Nature vs Nurture | Genetics | Biology | FuseSchool скачать в хорошем качестве

Nature vs Nurture | Genetics | Biology | FuseSchool

CREDITS Animation & Design: Waldi Apollis Narration: Dale Bennett Script: Bethan Parry Have you noticed that you're different to your relations, parents or carers, your next-door neighbour, the kid who lives across the street and everyone else on the planet? In fact you’re unique. But do you really know why you are different? Why are we all different to each other? Why does any organism have different characteristics to another organism? The answer lies in a long running debate called ‘nature versus nurture’, or genetics versus environment, which is a little less catchy! ‘Nature’ refers to our genetics – the unique combination of genes that we have naturally inherited from our biological parents, from their DNA. Many characteristics are controlled by our genes, including our blood group, eye colour or natural hair colour. Some diseases are also caused by our genes, for example cystic fibrosis. The colour of a flower or a fruit is controlled by genes in plants. ‘Nurture’ refers to the effect of the environment on characteristics, the word literally means care. Examples of characteristics that are determined by the environment are weight, or mass, which is dependent on your diet, or the presence of a scar. Some diseases may be caused by environmental influences, such as type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. Imagine that a plant has not received enough sunlight or water. This may influence the height of the plant or the number of fruits produced. We would say that the environment has influenced these characteristics too, or that a plant has been affected by nurture. The effect of genetics and the environment on characteristics has been researched using identical twins. Can you think why this is? (Pause). Identical twins have identical DNA, so, in theory, should have identical characteristics. It follows that any differences between a pair of identical twins could be due to the influence of the environment on their characteristics. In fact, twins often grow up to have very different personalities and preferences beyond their physical similarities. These studies showed that many characteristics are influenced by both genetics and the environment. Some studies actually use twins identical genomes as a control to prove the effect of the environment on the body. For example, one study showed how skin aged differently by comparing smoker twins with non-smoker twins. Remember that the characteristics of a living organism are influenced by its genetics and its interaction with the environment. So both nature and nurture are responsible. SUBSCRIBE to the FuseSchool YouTube channel for many more educational videos. Our teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT. VISIT us at www.fuseschool.org, where all of our videos are carefully organised into topics and specific orders, and to see what else we have on offer. Comment, like and share with other learners. You can both ask and answer questions, and teachers will get back to you. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find all of our Chemistry videos here:    • Complete & Incomplete Combustion | Environ...   Find all of our Biology videos here:    • The Lymphatic System | Physiology | Biolog...   Find all of our Maths videos here:    • Video   Twitter:   / fuseschool   Access a deeper Learning Experience in the FuseSchool platform and app: www.fuseschool.org Follow us:    / fuseschool   Friend us:   / fuseschool   This Open Educational Resource is free of charge, under a Creative Commons License: Attribution-NonCommercial CC BY-NC ( View License Deed: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b... ). You are allowed to download the video for nonprofit, educational use. If you would like to modify the video, please contact us: [email protected]