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XFS (filesystem)

Learn more at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XFS Content adapted from Wikipedia under CC BY-SA 4.0 Extent-based allocation – A method XFS uses to track contiguous blocks of storage as single units ("extents") instead of individual blocks, reducing fragmentation. Delayed allocation – Technique where actual disk block assignment is deferred until data is flushed, helping optimize layout and reduce fragmentation. B+ tree indexing – Data structures XFS employs for directories, inodes, and extents, enabling efficient large-scale file and directory management. Metadata journaling – The mechanism XFS uses to log changes to metadata (not file data) to ensure consistency after crashes or power failures. Dynamic inode allocation – Unlike traditional file systems with fixed inode tables, XFS can create inodes dynamically as needed. Allocation groups (AGs) – XFS divides a volume into multiple AGs, each with its own free space and inode tracking, allowing parallel I/O and scalability. Reflink (copy-on-write) – Advanced feature that enables lightweight cloning of files or ranges without duplicating data blocks until modifications occur. DAX (Direct Access) – Integration allowing XFS to bypass the page cache and directly access persistent memory (PMEM) for ultra-low latency. Online defragmentation – Ability to reorganize file extents while the file system is mounted and in use, reducing downtime. Quota management (project quotas) – Fine-grained system for managing disk space, including user, group, and project-level quotas across large file systems.