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Sea salt is perceived as a natural healthy alternative to table salt, but is this health halo deserved? Subscribe to Nourishable at / nourishable Follow Nourishable on twitter, facebook and instagram to stay up to date on all things nutrition. / nourishable fb.me/nourishable.tv / nourishable Hosting, Research, Writing & Post-Production by Lara Hyde, PhD http://www.nourishable.tv Music & Video Production by Robbie Hyde / chedderchowder Opening Motion Graphics by Jay Purugganan https://www.c9studio.com/WP/ The information in this video is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. All content, including text, graphics, images and information, contained on or available through this video is for general information purposes only. The differences between sea salt and table salt are due to how they’re processed. Table salt is mined from salt caves, ground up into teeny crystals and processed to remove other minerals. Table salt can be fortified with the mineral iodine. Sea salt is evaporated from ocean and sea water. The sodium chloride crystals are larger and it is not processed to remove other minerals, so it has variable levels of calcium and magnesium. The biggest difference is the texture and taste, with the giant sea salt crystals giving a crunch and concentrated salty flavour versus the teeny table salt crystals that dissolve more evenly in food. While the sea salt does contain some minerals that are essential for health, like calcium and magnesium, the amounts are negligible. You’d have to eat an enormous about of sea salt to get any relevant intake of these minerals. So from the trace mineral perspective, sea salt is equivalent to table salt. There could be important differences in the amount of iodine though. Back in the late 1800s there were regions across the US with severe iodine deficiency. Iodine is necessary to produce thyroid hormone which regulates metabolism. When there isn’t enough iodine, the thyroid gland will continue to try and produce TH, causing a goiter. Iodine deficiency is even more problematic for pregnant women. TH is critical during fetal development and can lead to irreversible neurological impairments in their kids. Fortification of salt with iodine in the 1920s prevented iodine deficiency and is considered a major public health accomplishment. These days, major dietary sources of iodine are dairy and eggs, seafood and seaweed. Seaweed components like carrageenan and agar are used as thickeners and stabilizers in lots of processed food. Sea salts have negligible levels of iodine. There isn’t really great data on whether switching to sea salt reduces iodine intake in a relevant way. It could be prudent to talk to your personal physician about iodine intake if your diet lacks other iodine sources. Both table salt and sea salt contain the same amount of sodium by weight. It is critical to pay attention to how much sodium you’re eating. Although sodium is an essential nutrient for regulating fluid balance and sending nerve impulses, eating too much sodium increases blood pressure leading to hypertension - which is a silent but deadly risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke and kidney disease. Americans eat FAR too much sodium, on average around 3500mg/day. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends a max of 2300mg/day, and the American Heart Association promotes an even lower max of 1500mg. The tricky thing about reducing sodium intake is that it is already added to packaged, prepared and restaurant foods in high amounts. Foods contributing the most sodium to the diet are cold cuts, breads and rolls, pizza, chicken and soup. To reduce sodium intake, shift towards minimally processed home-cooked whole foods or go for low sodium versions of packaged food. There aren’t any major health differences between sea salt and table salt. Just because sea salt is more “natural”, doesn’t mean it deserves a health halo. It’s really more of a preference - if you like the texture and flavour pop of the larger sea salt crystals then go for it. Whether it is sea salt or table salt, the most important factor is reducing overall sodium intake. References https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2... https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-li... https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/di... https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-livi... https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-livi... Images: OpenStax Anatomy and PhysiologyOpenStax [CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...)]