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山西洪洞縣玄帝宮,俗稱老爺頂、北頂,位於洪洞縣城西南 23 公里處的龍馬鄉長命村西青龍山南端,是一座融合道、佛、儒三教特色的古建築群,素有「小布達拉宮」之譽。相傳其始建於東漢光武年間,後經唐代開國初年修葺,歷經宋、元、明、清多代擴建,現存建築多為明清遺構,總佔地面積達數千平方米。 該宮依山而建,採用道教七星八卦布局,共分 6 層,一至四層為青色條石券成的石窟,洞中有洞、洞外有天,被道家稱為「洞天石窟」;五至六層為木構殿宇,包括玄天上帝殿、玉皇大帝殿、祖師殿、八卦亭等 30 餘座大小殿宇,建築層層重疊、錯落有致,遠望猶如宮堡聳立於山巔。 主殿玄天上帝殿為明構建築,單檐歇山頂,琉璃鴟吻雖蒙塵卻仍顯幽藍光澤。殿內供奉明代泥塑彩繪真武大帝坐像,塑像面容威嚴沉靜、衣紋流轉如水,彩繪雖斑駁卻保留原始風貌,展現出明代塑藝的精湛技藝;殿內兩側牆壁還留存清代道教題材壁畫殘跡,線條飄逸、意境深遠。 此外,宮內還存有歷代修葺碑刻數通,記載著其沿革與興衰,是研究晉南地區三教融合文化與古代建築技藝的珍貴實物史料。 Xuandi Palace in Hongtong County, Shanxi Province, commonly known as Laoyeding or Beiding, is located at the southern end of Qinglong Mountain west of Changming Village, Longma Township, 23 kilometers southwest of Hongtong County seat. It is an ancient architectural complex integrating the characteristics of Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism, and is known as the "Little Potala Palace". It is said to have been first built during the Guangwu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was later renovated in the early years of the founding of the Tang Dynasty. After expansions in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the existing buildings are mostly relics of the Ming and Qing dynasties, with a total area of thousands of square meters. The palace is built along the mountain, adopting the Taoist seven-star and Bagua layout, and is divided into 6 layers. The first to fourth layers are grottoes made of blue stone arches, with caves inside caves and sky outside caves, which are called "Dongtian Grottoes" by Taoists; the fifth to sixth layers are wooden halls, including more than 30 halls of various sizes such as Xuantian God Hall, Jade Emperor Hall, Patriarch Hall, and Bagua Pavilion. The buildings are layered and scattered, and look like a palace standing on the top of the mountain from a distance. The main hall, Xuantian God Hall, is a building from the Ming Dynasty, with a single-eave hip roof. Although the glazed chiwen is dusty, it still shows a dark blue luster. The hall houses a Ming Dynasty painted clay statue of Zhenwu Emperor sitting. The statue has a solemn and calm face, flowing clothing lines, and the painted colors are mottled but retain the original style, showing the exquisite craftsmanship of Ming Dynasty sculpture art; the walls on both sides of the hall also retain remnants of Qing Dynasty Taoist-themed murals, with elegant lines and profound artistic conception. In addition, there are several steles of past dynasties in the palace, recording its history and rise and fall, which are precious physical historical materials for studying the culture of the integration of the three teachings and ancient architectural techniques in southern Shanxi.