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Why Morality Is Based on Reason (Kant's Ethics #2)

Kant’s ethical theory is deontological, meaning that the rightness or wrongness of an action depends on the action itself, not its consequences. Unlike utilitarianism, which bases morality on happiness, or Aquinas’s natural law theory, which grounds it in human nature, Kant argues that morality must be rooted in reason. For Kant, moral laws must be objective, applying universally to all rational beings, regardless of personal desires. This is why morality functions through duty—if you promise to return a book, you are morally bound to do so, no matter how you feel about it later. Since reason is what makes us capable of morality in the first place, Kant insists that acting immorally is acting irrationally. This has important implications. If morality were based on human nature, it wouldn’t apply to rational aliens. But because morality is grounded in reason, it applies universally to all rational beings. In the next video, we’ll explore Kant’s concept of moral duty in more detail. Perfect for University Courses & A-Level Philosophy & Ethics OCR & AQA or equivalent. 🔍 Key Points Covered: Deontological ethics and the concept of duty The distinction between deontological and teleological theories Grounding morality in reason versus human nature or desires The universality of moral laws for all rational beings Critiques of utilitarianism and natural law theory 📖 Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Deontology & Reason 00:24 Kantian Deontology: What Does It Mean? 00:50 Deontological vs Teleological Ethical Theories 01:40 The Role of Reason in Kant's Deontology 03:13 Conclusion: Kant vs Utilitarianism & Natural Law Ethics 🔔 Subscribe for more insights into ethical theories and philosophy! 👍 Like this video if you found it helpful! 🗨️ Comment your thoughts or questions below! 📺 Watch Next: Part 3:    • Duty & Good Will (Kant's Ethics #3)   #Philosophy #Ethics #Kant #Deontology #ocr #aqa #alevel #religiousstudies