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Frames of Mind

Every day, thousands of children sit across from an examiner in a quiet office to determine their future. They are asked to define words like "belfry," solve arithmetic, and arrange pictures into stories to produce a single, round number: an Intelligence Quotient (IQ). This score dictates educational opportunities and shapes a child’s self-worth, yet it primarily predicts school performance rather than the diverse brilliance required for life. Contrast this narrow "one round number" with the real-world genius found across our species. Consider a twelve-year-old Puluwat navigator in the Caroline Islands, who blends stars, geography, and sailing to find his way through hundreds of islands. Think of an Iranian youth who has committed the entire Koran to heart to become a religious leader. Even a fourteen-year-old Parisian composer using a microcomputer and synthesizer to create new worlds of sound displays an intelligence that a paper-and-pencil test simply cannot capture. These examples reveal that our traditional view of the intellect is dangerously circumscribed. Howard Gardner’s research on the Theory of Multiple Intelligences fundamentally shatters our ingrained views of the mind. By looking at how humans actually solve problems in their cultural contexts, we can move from a "single mind" view to a much richer understanding of human potential.