五台山塔院寺，最著名的大白塔如今變成了大綠塔，內有文殊菩薩頭髮做成的白塔。Pagoda Courtyard Temple on Wutai Mountain, Shanxi , China скачать в хорошем качестве

五台山塔院寺，最著名的大白塔如今變成了大綠塔，內有文殊菩薩頭髮做成的白塔。Pagoda Courtyard Temple on Wutai Mountain, Shanxi , China

五台山塔院寺坐落於台懷鎮核心區，北靠顯通寺、南鄰五爷廟，因寺內的大白塔為五台山標誌性建築，故以「塔院」命名。該寺原為顯通寺的塔院，明代萬曆七年至十年（1579-1582年）重修舍利塔後獨立成寺，是五台山「五大禪處」之一與「十大青廟」之一，也是漢、滿、蒙、藏各族信眾共同敬仰的佛教聖地。清朝時，蒙藏信眾朝拜五台山，首站便為朝覲塔院寺的大白塔、文殊發塔等聖跡。 塔院寺平面呈正方形，佔地面積15625平方米，現有殿堂樓房130餘間、石碑21通。建築佈局嚴謹，以照壁和「清涼勝境」牌樓為前哨，配殿、廊屋、禪院、山海樓為兩翼，中軸線上依次坐落山門、天王殿、大慈延壽寶殿、大白塔與大藏經閣。天王殿內供奉觀音菩薩、韋馱及四大天王塑像；大雄寶殿（大慈延壽寶殿）供奉釋迦牟尼佛與文殊、普賢菩薩像，懸掛康熙「景標清漢」、乾隆「攬妙曼雲」、嘉慶「尊勝法幢」等御題匾額，極具歷史價值。 寺內核心景觀為大白塔與文殊發塔。大白塔全名「釋迦文佛真身舍利寶塔」，通高54.37米，塔基為正方形，塔身狀如藻瓶，通体潔白，塔盤與寶珠飾有銅件，全塔懸掛252個銅鈴，風吹鈴動，悅耳動聽。該塔為印度孔雀王朝阿育王在中國修建的19座佛祖舍利塔之一，現存建築為明代重修，內藏元代石塔與釋迦牟尼舍利塔，是中國最高的喇嘛塔之一，堪稱喇嘛塔建造藝術成熟時期的代表作。文殊發塔位於大白塔東側，高約7米，相傳北魏時文殊菩薩化為貧婦乞齋，遺留一縷金髮，後人建塔供養，萬曆年間重修時曾見「發色若金」。 此外，寺內大藏經閣珍藏漢、蒙、藏等多種文字經書二萬餘冊，其中宋至清乾隆年間的二千餘冊經卷為國家善本書，樓內還有聞名遐邇的轉輪藏——木制六角形經架，高約30米，33層，推動轉輪即象徵誦經祈福。1948年，毛主席路經五台山時，曾居住於塔院寺方丈院，為寺院增添了特殊的歷史意義。 參觀資訊：地址｜山西省忻州市五台縣台懷鎮顯通寺南側；交通｜台懷鎮內步行可達，或搭乘景區公交至中心區（五爷廟）站後步行前往；開放時間｜8:00-18:00（冬夏季時間略有調整）；門票｜免費入寺，無需預約；注意事項｜入寺請遵守宗教禮儀，保持安靜，勿隨意觸摸文物與宗教器物；尊重僧眾修行，避免大聲喧嘩。 Tayuan Temple of Wutai Mountain is located in the core area of Taihuai Town, adjacent to Xiantong Temple in the north and Wuye Temple in the south. Named after its "pagoda courtyard", it is famous for the White Pagoda, a iconic structure of Wutai Mountain. Originally the pagoda courtyard of Xiantong Temple, it became an independent monastery after the renovation of the Sarira Pagoda from 1579 to 1582 during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. As one of the "Five Great Zen Monasteries" and "Top Ten Green Temples" on Wutai Mountain, it is also a sacred Buddhist site revered by Han, Manchu, Mongolian and Tibetan believers. During the Qing Dynasty, Mongolian and Tibetan pilgrims' first stop when visiting Wutai Mountain was to pay homage to sacred sites such as the White Pagoda and Manjusri Hair Pagoda in Tayuan Temple. Tayuan Temple is square in plan, covering an area of 15,625 square meters, with more than 130 halls and buildings, and 21 stone tablets. The architectural layout is rigorous, with a screen wall and the "Cool and Holy Land" archway as the outpost, flanked by side halls, corridors, meditation courtyards and Shanhai Building. Along the central axis are the Mountain Gate, Heavenly King Hall, Mahavira Hall (Hall of Great Mercy and Longevity), White Pagoda and Great Scripture Repository in sequence. The Heavenly King Hall enshrines statues of Guanyin Bodhisattva, Wei Tuo and the Four Heavenly Kings; the Mahavira Hall enshrines statues of Sakyamuni Buddha, Manjusri and Samantabhadra Bodhisattvas, with imperial plaques such as Kangxi's "Jingbiao Qinghan", Qianlong's "Lanmiaoman Yun" and Jiaqing's "Zunsheng Fazhuang" hanging, which are of great historical value. The core attractions of the temple are the White Pagoda and the Manjusri Hair Pagoda. The White Pagoda, officially named "Sakyamuni Buddha's True Body Sarira Pagoda", has a total height of 54.37 meters. Its base is square, the body is shaped like an alga bottle, and the entire tower is white. The tower plate and pearl are decorated with copper parts, and 252 copper bells are hung on the whole tower, which make pleasant sounds when the wind blows. As one of the 19 Sakyamuni Sarira Pagodas built by King Ashoka of the Indian Maurya Dynasty in China, the existing structure was renovated in the Ming Dynasty, enclosing a Yuan Dynasty stone pagoda and the Sakyamuni Sarira Pagoda inside. It is one of the tallest Lamaist pagodas in China and a masterpiece of the mature period of Lamaist pagoda construction art. Located east of the White Pagoda, the Manjusri Hair Pagoda is about 7 meters high. According to legend, during the Northern Wei Dynasty, Manjusri Bodhisattva transformed into a poor woman to beg for alms and left a lock of golden hair. Later generations built the pagoda to enshrine it, and "golden hair" was seen during its renovation in the Wanli period.