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Movements of the Earth: Rotation, Revolution, and Time Systems

This educational text explains the *movements of the Earth**, specifically focusing on how **rotation* and *revolution* dictate our daily lives. *Rotation* on the planetary axis occurs every 24 hours from west to east, creating *day and night* while generating the *Coriolis effect* that deflects winds and currents. The Earth's *revolution* around the Sun takes 365¼ days, leading to the creation of *leap years* and varying seasons. Because the Earth maintains a *23½ degree tilt**, the Sun’s position appears to shift between the **Tropic of Cancer* and the *Tropic of Capricorn* throughout the year. This shift results in significant astronomical events such as *equinoxes**, where day and night are equal, and **solstices**, which mark the longest and shortest days. Additionally, the text defines **perihelion and aphelion* as the points where the Earth is closest to and farthest from the Sun.