Beijing Zhongguancun: From Eunuch Graveyard to China‘s Silicon Valley | 27 June 2023 скачать в хорошем качестве

Beijing Zhongguancun: From Eunuch Graveyard to China‘s Silicon Valley | 27 June 2023

27 June 2023, Beijing. Sunny. Cycling and strolling through Zhongguancun. Casual footage by the filmmaker of Masters in the Forbidden City and Every Treasure Tells a Story. I often came here as a student, sometimes buying computer parts to build my own PC. But I never really knew this land's history. ——— From eunuch graveyard to tech hub—a 600-year time-space fold. During the Ming dynasty, eunuchs purchased “charitable burial grounds” here. Eunuchs were called “Zhongguan,” so the place was named “Zhongguan Cemetery”. Aged eunuchs who left the palace lived here, supported by donations from wealthier ones, tending graves and burning incense for those buried. Surreal? From eunuch graveyard to innovation center—pure sci-fi material. In late Qing-early Republic, it became “Zhongguan Village.” When the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established in the 1950s, “Zhongguan” sounded inauspicious. Chen Yuan, president of Beijing Normal University, proposed “Zhongguancun”. Before 1949: 70 farming households, vast graves and farmland. 1950s: CAS research institutes moved in; the Atomic Energy Building became the first科研 structure. ——— 1980s: Electronics Street emerged. Private tech companies like Lenovo and Stone were born. By late 1987, nearly 100 firms—represented by “Two Tongs and Two Seas” (Stone, Xintong, Kehai, Jinghai)—stretched from Baishi Bridge north along Baiyi Road, forming “Electronics Street”. 2000–2010s: booming computer malls. Hailong, Dinghao, eWorld—the “Golden Triangle”—dominated China's electronics market. Around 2020, transformation to global innovation hub began. Computer malls gave way to Startup Street and Smart Manufacturing Street. Some say Zhongguancun became cleaner—and quieter. They miss the chaotic, vibrant electronics market era. ——— Haven't visited in years. Had a meeting today—perfect chance. 2019 data: 10,000 angel investors, 20,000 innovative firms, 30,000 returned talents. Contributed 1/4 of Beijing's GDP, total revenue exceeding 5 trillion yuan. Today: 20,800 national high-tech enterprises, 532 listed companies, 93 unicorns. 2024 revenue nearly 10 trillion—about 1/6 of all national high-tech zones;增加值 ~1/3 of Beijing's GDP. Surrounding Zhongguancun: 41 universities (Tsinghua, Peking…), 206 research institutes. AI industry globally leading: 136 registered large models, 25.2% of China's total. ——— I recall a 2016 article: “I Pretended to Be a New Media Entrepreneur on Zhongguancun Startup Street.” Unreliable people and schemes floated like bubbles—yet possessed a certain beauty of an economic upswing. From eunuch graves to noisy electronics malls to pristine innovation hub—“death vs. rebirth, confinement vs. innovation”—600-year time-space fold. Pure sci-fi. Zhongguancun now a national innovation brand spanning Beijing and beyond. But its geographic and spiritual origin remains “the land east of Zhongguancun Street that nurtured Science City and Electronics Street”. ——— Walking that day: Beijing summer heat. ——— Where do we begin to understand a city, a history? With its name—from “Zhongguan Cemetery” to “Zhongguancun,” 600 years of evolution. With its soil—from eunuch graves to electronics malls to innovation heights. With its stories—from孤苦 eunuchs buried here to internet moguls starting here. #慢下来看世界 #把生活拍出电影感 #城市更新 #城市漫游 #中关村 #沉浸式体验 #分享给有艺术细胞的你 #科幻 #时空折叠 #探索城市隐秘角落 #探索与发现 #治愈 #电子一条街 #创业大街 #太监坟场 #中国硅谷 #SlowDownSeeTheWorld #LifeAsCinema #UrbanRenewal #CityRoaming #Zhongguancun #ImmersiveExperience #ForTheArtisticSoul #SciFi #TimeSpaceFold #HiddenCorners #ExplorationAndDiscovery #Healing #ElectronicsStreet #StartupStreet #EunuchCemetery #ChinaSiliconValley #WanderingWithYeJun #YeJunsWorld #NotesOfAWanderer #WhereToBegin 2023年6月27日，北京。天气晴朗，骑行+漫步中关村。《我在故宫修文物》《如果国宝会说话》导演随手拍。学生时代经常来这里逛，有时买电脑配件组装电脑。但从没仔细了解过这片土地的历史。 ——— 从太监坟场到科创中心，这是一场跨越600年的时空折叠。 明朝时，太监们在这一带购买“义地”作为墓葬地。那时太监被称为“中官”，所以这里叫“中官坟”。年老出宫的太监也会寄居于此，靠富裕太监的捐赠生活，负责给埋葬在此的太监扫墓上香。是不是很魔幻？从太监坟场，变成科技创新和创业中心——这绝对可以拍成历史科幻剧。 清末民初这里改称“中官屯”。1950年代建立中科院时，因“中官”寓意不雅，北师大校长陈垣提议改名“中关村”。1949年前，这里仅有70户农家、大片坟地与农田。1950年代，中科院首批研究所进驻，原子能楼成为首座科研建筑。 ——— 1980年代，电子一条街兴起。联想、四通等民营科技企业诞生。到1987年底，以“两通两海”（四通、信通、科海、京海）为代表的近百家科技企业，从白石桥沿白颐路向北延伸，形成了“电子一条街”。 2000～2010年代，这里是人声鼎沸的电脑城、电子产品大卖场。海龙、鼎好、e世界构成的“黄金三角”，撑起了全国电子大卖场的半壁江山。大约在2020年前几年，这里转型为全球科创高地，电脑城模式逐渐被创业大街、智造大街取代。 有人说，中关村变干净了，也变萧条了。他们很怀念十几年前那个乱糟糟但又充满市井烟火气的电子产品大卖场时期。 ——— 好多年没逛过中关村了，今天过来见人，正好逛逛。 查到一个数据：2019年时，中关村汇聚了约1万个天使投资、2万家创新企业、3万个海归人才，贡献北京1/4的GDP，企业总收入突破5万亿。如今，中关村拥有国家高新技术企业2.08万家、上市企业532家、独角兽企业93家。2024年，企业总收入近十万亿元，约占国家高新区的六分之一；增加值约占全市GDP的三分之一。 中关村周围有清华、北大等41所高校，206家科研院所。人工智能产业综合实力位居全球前列，备案大模型136款，占全国25.2%。 ——— 2016年，我看到过一篇有趣的文章《我在北京的中关村创业大街伪装成了一个新媒体项目创业者》。 当时不靠谱的人和事像空中乱飞的泡沫，但有一种经济上行期的美。从古代王朝太监埋葬肉体之地，变成闹哄哄的电子产品大卖场，再变成干净又冷清的科创中心——“死亡与新生、禁锢与创新”的极致对比，600年的时空折叠，中关村绝对可以拍成科幻片。 如今中关村已成为覆盖全北京甚至全中国的一个创新品牌，但其地理与精神原点，始终是“中关村大街以东那片孕育了科学城与电子一条街的土地”。 ——— 漫步当天，还感受着北京夏天的热浪。 ——— 我们从何处开始了解一座城市、一段历史？ 从它的名字开始——从“中官坟”到“中关村”，600年的演变。 从它的土地开始——从太监墓园到电子卖场，再到科创高地。 从它的故事开始——从那些埋葬于此的孤苦太监，到那些在这里创业的互联网新贵。