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Space loss and crowding

Crowding and spacing within the dental arches is largely under genetic control but is affected by a number of local factors. This presentation describes these local factors, discusses how they can influence the development of the dentition. :Etiology of Crowding For the teeth to fit perfectly within the dental arches and to be in the correct relationship with those in the same and opposing jaws, mesiodistal tooth widths should be a match with the jaws. Any discrepancy in the sizes of either the teeth or the jaws is likely to lead to spacing or, more commonly, crowding. Although the etiology is most likely to be genetic in origin, other more local factors can have an effect on how this crowding or spacing may present within an individual patient. These include, for example, extra teeth, missing teeth, retained deciduous teeth and the early unscheduled loss of teeth. Studies have shown that in most instances, there is little evidence that dental crowding was present to the same extent as is seen today .This has led to the theory that early civilizations ate a more abrasive diet, which resulted in the loss of tooth tissue, not only occlusal but also interdental. As a result, the mesiodistal tooth widths of the teeth were thought to gradually reduce over time, permitting all of the teeth to fit within the arches, including the third permanent molars. Therefore pre-industrialized occlusions were not without crowding, it was perhaps just less common. Primary dentition : Incisors are usually spaced and upright and its called NO molars : when a first premolar tooth is lost, this can lead to spontaneous space closure and unwanted affects such as a shift in the midline or buccal segment relationship. As a result when there is the enforced loss of a first premolar in a crowded arch, consideration should be given to balancing extraction. If the buccal segment relationship is to be preserved, then sometimes a compensating extraction is also required. However, such balancing and compensating extractions may not be necessary if a space maintainer is fitted to allow. In the case of second premolars and first permanent molars in the developing dentition, it is not necessary to carry out a balancing extraction to preserve midline, but a compensating extraction may be required to once again preserve the anteroposterior buccal segment relationship. If all of the other molars are developing normally, then consideration should be given to the compensating extraction of the unopposed molar. Not only will this reduce the likelihood of trauma from biting on the gingivae, but it will also improve the likelihood the second molar will move into the correct anteroposterior position without hindrance from an overupted first molar in opposing arch. 크라운 브리지 치아 ‘The upper midline conical supernumerary tooth, mesioden and the tuberculate supernumerary’ -The mesiodens can displace the path of eruption of the upper central incisors and lead to the development of a midline diastema, it should be extracted. The mesiodens itself may or may not erupt and is obviously easy to remove. -The tuberculate supernumerary usually prevents the eruption of the central incisor tooth, as it lies directly over the cingulum of the tooth and poth will not erupt. As a result the supernumerary tooth should be extracted, and the central incisor may then erupt spontaneously. -Supplemental teeth it is additional teeth of similar form to the normal series develop and may erupt into the arch. causes crowding or relive spacing. Large or small teeth within the arch can lead to either crowding or spacing and where they are very obviously of a different size to the normal series. Extraction best option. decision whether or not to maintain or perhaps recreate some of the space will be dependent on the position of the tooth in question (see section “Unscheduled Loss of Permanent Teeth”) and other features of malocclusion. Megadontia Microdontia. The most common ectopically positioned teeth are the permanent upper central incisor and the maxillary permanent canine. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Lectures Dentist playlist: All Lectures    • All Videos   Facebook:   / cudman.buck   Instagram:   / cudmanbuck   Blogger: https://lecturesdentist.blogspot.com Twitter:   / lecturesdentist   _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ All you have to do is join this channel to take advantage of the benefits:💰 support my YouTube channel 💸👇💵    / @lecturesdentist   ________________