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Atmospheric Pressure (Torricelli's experiment)

Let’s prove the existence of atmospheric pressure with the Torricelli Experiment. First, let us remember that this experiment is conducted at sea level and at a temperature of 0°C. The experiment follows these steps: Completely fill a glass tube approximately 1 meter long with mercury. Seal the open end of the tube, invert it, and immerse it into a container filled with mercury. When the sealed end of the tube is opened, it is observed that the mercury level inside the tube drops. This level decreases to 76 centimeters and stabilizes there. The mercury inside the tube exerts pressure on the mercury in the container due to its weight. At the same time, the atmospheric pressure also exerts pressure on the mercury in the container. The flow of mercury continues until the pressure exerted by the mercury in the tube equals the atmospheric pressure. When the two pressures become equal, the mercury level stabilizes. At sea level and 0°C, this level is 76 centimeters. Even if the experiment is repeated by holding the glass tube at an angle, the mercury level remains 76 centimeters. Similarly, using a thicker or longer glass tube does not change the mercury level. In conclusion, the fact that the mercury in the glass tube does not completely drain into the container proves the existence of atmospheric pressure.