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Character encoding

🔣 A Comprehensive Guide to Character Encoding History and Standards Character encoding serves as the essential bridge between human language and digital hardware by assigning numerical values to text symbols. This process allows computers to store and exchange information using various systems, ranging from historical Morse code and telegraphy to modern digital standards. While early methods like ASCII were limited by small capacities, contemporary solutions such as Unicode provide a universal framework for representing almost every writing script. Today, UTF-8 has emerged as the most dominant format on the web due to its efficiency and broad compatibility. Understanding these systems requires distinguishing between a character repertoire, which is the set of available symbols, and the code points that map them to specific numbers. Software tools for transcoding further ensure that different encoding schemes can interact without corrupting the original data.