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MBIO 3010 0305

Table of Contents: 00:10 - Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance 00:57 - Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis 01:01 - Characteristics of antimicrobial drugs 02:50 - Characteristics of antimicrobial drugs 02:50 - Characteristics of antimicrobial drugs 02:50 - Antibiotics 02:51 - Table 20.1 Representative Sources of Antibiotics 02:51 - Discovery of Penicillin 1928: Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, produced by Penicillium notatum 1940: Howard Florey and Ernst Chain performed first clinical trials of penicillin Mass production during WWII Used for the treatment of wounded soldiers and war workers 02:51 - The History of Chemotherapy 02:52 - Discovery of Penicillin 1928: Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, produced by Penicillium notatum 1940: Howard Florey and Ernst Chain performed first clinical trials of penicillin Mass production during WWII Used for the treatment of wounded soldiers and war workers 02:52 - Table 20.1 Representative Sources of Antibiotics 02:52 - Antibiotics 02:52 - Characteristics of antimicrobial drugs 03:01 - Broth Dilution Test Determine the MIC and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of antimicrobial drug 04:47 - Resistance to Antimicrobial Drugs 04:48 - Broth Dilution Test Determine the MIC and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of antimicrobial drug 04:48 - E Test: Determines antibiotic sensitivity Estimates MIC 04:48 - Disk-Diffusion Test: Determine effectiveness of an antibiotic against a specific bacterium Procedure Cannot determine: If bactericidal or bacteriostatic MIC: minimal inhibitory concentration 04:49 - Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs) Inhibit folic acid synthesis by competing with PABA Bacteriostatic Broad spectrum Sulfonamides + Trimethoprim  synergistic effect 04:49 - Inhibitors of metabolite synthesis 04:49 - Figure 20.2: Foundation Figure: Major Modes of Action of Antimicrobial Drugs 04:50 - Injury to the Plasma Membrane 04:50 - Figure 20.2: Foundation Figure: Major Modes of Action of Antimicrobial Drugs 04:50 - Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis 04:51 - Figure 20.2: Foundation Figure: Major Modes of Action of Antimicrobial Drugs 04:56 - Figure 20.2: Foundation Figure: Major Modes of Action of Antimicrobial Drugs 04:56 - Inhibitors of metabolite synthesis 04:57 - Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs) Inhibit folic acid synthesis by competing with PABA Bacteriostatic Broad spectrum Sulfonamides + Trimethoprim  synergistic effect 04:57 - Disk-Diffusion Test: Determine effectiveness of an antibiotic against a specific bacterium Procedure Cannot determine: If bactericidal or bacteriostatic MIC: minimal inhibitory concentration 04:58 - E Test: Determines antibiotic sensitivity Estimates MIC 04:58 - Broth Dilution Test Determine the MIC and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of antimicrobial drug 04:58 - Resistance to Antimicrobial Drugs 04:59 - Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance 04:59 - Human contribution to antibiotic resistance 05:00 - Human contribution to antibiotic resistance 05:24 - 08:35 - How can we control the antibiotic resistance problem? 08:35 - 08:35 - 08:36 - 08:40 - 12:32 - Antibiotic Resistance: A Growing Challenge 12:33 - 12:34 - 12:34 - 12:35 - How can we control the antibiotic resistance problem? 12:39 - 12:40 - 12:44 - 12:45 - 12:58 - Microbiology an Introduction 13:01 - Topics 13:01 - Prokaryotic Chromosome 15:25 - Figure 8.2: The Flow of Genetic Information. 18:07 - Figure 8.2: The Flow of Genetic Information. 18:49 - Figure 8.2: The Flow of Genetic Information. 19:07 - Figure 8.2: The Flow of Genetic Information. 19:31 - DNA Replication 31:22 - Figure 8.5 31:42 - 1 32:52 - 1 34:06 - 1 37:38 - 1 39:20 - 1 40:36 - 1 42:19 - Nucleotides connected by phosphodiester bond Energy supplied by nucleotides Hydrolysis of two phosphate groups 45:06 - Replication of Bacterial DNA 45:11 - Origin of replication 45:25 - Origin of replication 46:08 - Origin of replication 46:20 - Origin of replication 46:55 - Review 48:38 - Transcription 53:06 - Figure 8.7 The process of transcription. 54:14 - © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 54:43 - © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 54:59 - © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 55:06 - © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 55:29 - Figure 8.2 57:17 - Language used to translate codons 64 possible codons 61 sense codons 3 nonsense codons 20 amino acids 01:00:17 - Degeneracy of Genetic code: Most amino acids code by more than one codon Allows mutations in DNA without affecting protein tRNA Brings amino acids to ribosome Carries anticodon Complementary to codon