Causes of Poverty in India: Colonial Legacy and Economic Inequality скачать в хорошем качестве

Causes of Poverty in India: Colonial Legacy and Economic Inequality

Why has poverty persisted in India decades after Independence? This video systematically breaks down the multiple Causes of Poverty as detailed in NCERT Class 9 Economics (Chapter 3). Understanding these roots—from historical exploitation to contemporary financial traps—is essential for any student analyzing Indian economic development. We categorize the causes into four main areas, explaining how they interact to trap large sections of the population in a cycle of destitution. Systemic Causes of Poverty in India: Historical Factors (The Colonial Legacy): The policies of the British colonial government destroyed traditional handicrafts and industries, leading to mass unemployment and low economic growth post-independence. Demographic Factors (The Population Trap): High Population Growth: Rapid population increase leads to a low per capita income, as national wealth is divided among more people, and available resources are stretched thin. Socio-Economic Factors (The Inequality Loop): Lack of Land Reforms: Unequal distribution of land and lack of effective land reform measures mean that agricultural laborers remain asset-poor. High Income Inequality: The benefits of growth rarely reach the bottom, creating a massive gap between the rich and the poor. Social Factors: Traditional social structures, including the Jajmani system, caste, and religious barriers, prevent lower castes from accessing economic opportunities. Financial Factors (The Debt Trap): Indebtedness: Due to illiteracy and lack of collateral, the poor borrow at high interest rates, pushing them into a permanent debt trap. High Inflation and Unemployment: These macro-economic conditions continuously erode the real income and purchasing power of the poor. Understanding these causes is the first step towards formulating effective poverty alleviation policies.