The Claustrum Cognition, Consciousness, Alcohol & Psychedelics | 278 скачать в хорошем качестве

The Claustrum Cognition, Consciousness, Alcohol & Psychedelics | 278

Dive into the mysterious claustrum—a key brain region coordinating cognition and behavior—with neuroscientist Brian Mathur. Discover how it enables flexible thinking, why alcohol locks in addictive habits, and psilocybin's role in resetting neural networks for potential mental health benefits. Expect expert insights on mouse models, human imaging, and real-world implications for addiction and psychedelics therapy. Perfect for neuroscience enthusiasts. #Claustrum #Neuroscience #AlcoholAddiction #Psychedelics #brainscience All M&M content is available on Substack. Podcast, writing, free weekly newsletter: [ https://mindandmatter.substack.com ] If you enjoy M&M content and want to provide further support, read this: [ http://tiny.cc/supportmm ] TOPICS DISCUSSED: Cerebral cortex structure: Described as a six-layered structure with pyramidal neurons and inhibitory interneurons; information flows between layers and regions to process sensory input and enable complex behaviors. Claustrum anatomy & connectivity: A sheet-like subcortical structure embedded in white matter, bidirectionally connected to cortical areas, especially prefrontal regions in rodents, with broader connections in primates and humans suggesting an integrative role. Claustrum function in cognition: Experiments show claustrum activation during task switches from easy to demanding modes, synchronizing cortical networks via inhibition and rebound excitation, potentially enabling flexible behavior. Mouse models in neuroscience: Mice are used for genetic tractability to manipulate and monitor specific circuits, revealing claustrum’s role in vigilance tasks but not simple ones. Alcohol’s effects on brain circuits: Chronic alcohol promotes inflexible behaviors by altering striatal interneurons and inhibitory inputs, leading to compulsive drinking despite aversive consequences. Psychedelics & brain networks: Psilocybin disrupts default mode and other networks, inhibits claustrum via serotonin 1B receptors, with effects persisting 24 hours, possibly contributing to therapeutic benefits. Evolution of claustrum: Connectivity expands from rodents to humans, shifting from cognitive-specific to broader network control, including anti-correlated states like default mode versus task-engaged. Integration of claustrum & basal ganglia: Claustrum funnels prefrontal signals to basal ganglia for action selection; alcohol may impair this, exacerbating inflexibility in addiction. ABOUT THE GUEST: Brian, PhD is a professor in the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, where he leads a neuroscience lab studying brain circuits underlying flexible and inflexible behaviors using mouse models, with a focus on alcohol use disorder. 00:00:00 Intro 00:05:12 Mice in Neuroscience 00:10:01 Claustrum Location & Structure 00:15:55 Claustrum Connectivity Patterns 00:20:58 Claustrum's Role in Cognition 00:26:06 Experimental Tasks & Manipulations 00:32:43 Claustrum Monitoring & Inhibition 00:39:12 Human fMRI Studies 00:45:06 Consciousness & Binding Problem 00:50:51 Internal & External Tasks 00:56:28 Alcohol's Acute & Chronic Effects 01:03:17 Alcohol & Striatal Circuits 01:09:21 Psychedelics & Default Mode Network 01:15:26 Psilocybin on Claustrum 01:20:20 Serotonin Receptors & Effects 01:26:06 Future Experiments & Integration *Not medical advice.