Johannes Brinz - Are artificial neurons neurons? скачать в хорошем качестве

Johannes Brinz - Are artificial neurons neurons?

The news is brimming with talks of artificial neural networks such as ChatGPT or Amazon's Alexa. But what do we mean when we speak of artificial neurons? Do we refer to real neurons (or something similar) as in "artificial hearts," or are we speaking metaphorically? Since at least Searle (1980), it has been common to argue that building an artificially conscious system requires replicating the brain rather than merely simulating it. But what would the replication of a brain entail? Presumably, it would require artificial neurons connected in a brain-like manner. With the advent of neuromorphic hardware, computers no longer need to be entirely unlike biological brains. The field of neuromorphic engineering works on building chips that consist of actual physical neurons and synapses that operate with mechanisms akin to those of biological brains. With these emerging technologies in mind, and considering ethical concerns regarding the risk of building conscious machines, the question becomes pressing: Are artificial neurons genuine neurons? I contend that, owing to morphological differences, artificial neurons are not genuine neurons, but some of them are neural analogs, meaning they serve the same biological function as real neurons.