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Great and Small circle navigation

Here I’ll break down the concepts of Great Circles and Small Circles, key terms in navigation and geography. Using simple props—a pile of mud and a stick—I’ll demonstrate how the curvature of the Earth influences the shortest travel routes and why a straight line on a flat map isn’t always the shortest path on a globe and discover how Great Circles represent the shortest possible distance between two points on Earth. I’ll also explain how Small Circles differ, showing that they form shorter paths and don’t cut the globe into equal halves like Great Circles do. Plus, find out how map projections, like the Mercator projection, distort distances, making areas like Russia and Africa appear misleadingly sized. This video is perfect for anyone interested in navigation, geography, or understanding the science behind global travel routes. Whether you're a hiker, a sailor, or just love maps, this clear and practical explanation will enhance your knowledge of the Earth and its unique geometry.