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Beethoven 3 First Movement

A visual analysis of the opening movement of Beethoven's Third Symphony, the "Eroica." On-screen notes: 1. no elaborate introduction, just two bold E-flat major chords then straight into the first theme 2. first theme repeated fortissimo in full orchestra Blue - this is the second theme/group Yellow - this is the "third" theme, also described as a "Cadence theme" 3. successive fortissimo chords, would have been considered radical and "noisy" to listeners in Beethoven's time 4. the Exposition is repeated, replaying the exact same pages of music, as can be easily seen in the identical shape of the two sound prints on either side of the dotted line 5. this is the first theme in Development, a "classic" fragmentation with heightened tension that Beethoven has taken here to a whole new level from his predecessors; notice the "stormy" counterpoint in the high strings flying over rolling statements of the first theme in the lower strings; the emotional power of this music is an illustration of Beethoven opening the door wide to the future of Romanticism in music, where mood and feeling transcended form and convention (Note: While very pronounced in Beethoven, it is true that Mozart and even Haydn showed glimpses of this Romantic future in their compositions.) 6. emotionally powerful calls in the trumpets, groundbreaking for its time White - this is a new theme Beethoven has inserted in the middle of the Development, though related to the first and second themes 7. coming out of quiet tremolo strings, notice how the French horns begin playing the first theme to kick off the Recapitulation Recapitulation - notice in the sound print that the Recap is musically nearly identical to the Exposition; extended statements of the first theme group, followed by second and third themes that are rhythmically and orchestrally similar, though the keys have changed 8. rather than ending the movement traditionally, Beethoven is inserting a pointed question here, creating another moment of uncertainty for the audience of his day; he is setting us up for a big conclusion 9. a brilliant full fortissimo expression of the movement's principal (first) theme