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Piezo injectors & Multi hole nozzles • Piezo injectors and Multi hole nozzles #PiezoInjectors #MultiHoleNozzles #Audi * * * Piezo injectors * * * * The piezo principle is an ideal complement for common rail fuel injection. Piezo crystals change their structure in a few thousandths of a second by expanding slightly when an electrical voltage is applied to them. Several hundred piezo wafers are stacked one above the other in the injector. As this stack expands, linear movement takes place and is transmitted directly to the injector needle, with no mechanical linkage in between. The injectors close again after mere thousandths of a second. In this way, very small amounts of fuel weighing as little as eight-tenths of a milligram (less than one thousandth of a gram) can be injected and also very finely distributed thanks to the high pressure and precise nozzle geometry. * * * Multi-hole nozzles * * * * Audi common rail systems are components of fascinating precision that inject tiny amounts of fuel into the combustion chambers. The fuel is released from the nozzles at pressures of up to 2,000 bar (29,008 psi) and at several times the speed of sound. In some engines, Audi uses piezo injectors with eight-hole nozzles, with each hole only 0.12 millimeters (0.0047 in) in diameter. The fine atomization this enables creates an optimal spray pattern in the combustion chamber, so that ignition and combustion take place more rapidly, more evenly and with less noise. Combustion is extremely efficient, and fuel consumption and exhaust emissions decrease while performance increases.